CVE-2026-47121
📛 CVE Title
(no title)
Description
Sparkle: Binary delta apply intermediate-symlink traversal in malicious .delta
Description (MITRE) cveawg.mitre.org
Pulled from cveawg.mitre.org/api/cve/CVE-2026-47121 on 2026-08-11. Shown when MITRE's text differs from the cvelistV5 mirror.
Sparkle is a software update framework for macOS. Prior to version 2.9.2, `Autoupdate/SUBinaryDeltaApply.m` enforces `relativePath.pathComponents containsObject:@".."` and rejects writes whose immediate parent directory IS itself a symbolic link, but does not detect symlinks deeper in the relative path. `Autoupdate/SPUSparkleDeltaArchive.m`'s `extractItem:` will create symlinks in the destination tree from archive content (no `..` check on the symlink target), and a subsequent `Extract` item targeting `<symlink>/foo/bar` then escapes the destination tree via `fopen(path, "wb")` because the kernel resolves the intermediate symlink during the open call. This is a defense-in-depth issue: exploitation requires a maliciously-crafted `.delta` that passes EdDSA signature verification, i.e. EdDSA private-key compromise. With the AppInstaller running as root for system-domain installs, it gives the holder of a stolen signing key arbitrary file write at root level via the delta-apply path, which is a strictly broader primitive than the "drop-in replacement bundle" install they would otherwise have. Version 2.9.2 contains a patch for the issue.
Overview
- State
- —
- Assigner (CNA)
- —
- CVSS severity
- medium
- CVSS score
- 6.1 / 10
- CVSS vector
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N- Effective score
- 6.1 / 10 MEDIUM source: CNA overview
- CWE(s)
- —
- Reserved
- —
- Published
- —
- Last updated
- —
- Source
- https://www.tenable.com/cve/CVE-2026-47121
NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0
Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.
- NVD published
- 2026-07-21 14:16:34 UTC
- NVD last modified
- 2026-07-23 15:33:09 UTC
- NVD CVSS v3.1
- 6.1 / 10 MEDIUM source: security-advisories@github.com
- NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N- Exploitability subscore
- 1.6 / 10
- Impact subscore
- 4.0 / 10
- EPSS score
- 0.0023 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
- EPSS percentile
- 13.81% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-08-01
NVD-assigned CWE(s):
CWE-22,
CWE-59
(differs from the CNA list above)
NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-08-01 16:28 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.
European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD
ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.
- EUVD ID
-
EUVD-2026-46259 - Assigner
- GitHub_M
- Published
- Jul 21, 2026, 1:53:05 PM
- Updated
- Jul 22, 2026, 2:30:47 PM
- EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1)
-
6.1 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N - EUVD-reported EPSS
- 0.2300
- Vendors
- sparkle-project
- Products
-
Sparkle (< 2.9.2)
- Aliases
-
GHSA-hg88-v3cw-3qrh
ENISA description: Sparkle is a software update framework for macOS. Prior to version 2.9.2, `Autoupdate/SUBinaryDeltaApply.m` enforces `relativePath.pathComponents containsObject:@".."` and rejects writes whose immediate parent directory IS itself a symbolic link, but does not detect symlinks deeper in the relative path. `Autoupdate/SPUSparkleDeltaArchive.m`'s `extractItem:` will create symlinks in the destination tree from archive content (no `..` check on the symlink target), and a subsequent `Extract` item targeting `<symlink>/foo/bar` then escapes the destination tree via `fopen(path, "wb")` because the kernel resolves the intermediate symlink during the open call. This is a defense-in-depth issue: exploitation requires a maliciously-crafted `.delta` that passes EdDSA signature verification, i.e. EdDSA private-key compromise. With the AppInstaller running as root for system-domain installs, it gives the holder of a stolen signing key arbitrary file write at root level via the delta-apply path, which is a strictly broader primitive than the "drop-in replacement bundle" install they would otherwise have. Version 2.9.2 contains a patch for the issue.
Vendor references (0)
References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.
None in the CVE record.
MITRE references (2) cveawg.mitre.org
Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.
Web references (2)
DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47121 tenable:nvd.nist.gov
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47121 tenable:www.cve.org
NVD-tagged references (3)
Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.
- https://github.com/sparkle-project/Sparkle/commit/fe7b718d0736f3e139e374e26fbca96f29e13bf0 security-advisories@github.com
- https://github.com/sparkle-project/Sparkle/security/advisories/GHSA-hg88-v3cw-3qrh security-advisories@github.com
- https://github.com/sparkle-project/Sparkle/security/advisories/GHSA-hg88-v3cw-3qrh 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Remediations (10)
-
web:blogs.oracle.com
For more information about the Critical Security Patch Update program, see the security vulnerability remediation practices page located on the Oracle Trust Center.
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC -
web:learn.microsoft.com
Windows 11, version 25H2 is now available for all eligible devices. Devices running Home and Pro editions of Windows 11 that are not managed by IT departments will receive the update to Windows 11, version 25H2 through the machine learning-based intelligent rollout.
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC -
web:oradba.ch
On April 21, 2026 , Oracle released the Critical Patch Update (CPU) for April 2026 — 481 new security fixes across the entire Oracle product stack. For Oracle Database, this means another round of mandatory patching. What makes this quarter unusual: several key Release Updates, including 19.31 and 23.26.2, were not available on release day and are delayed by up to a week or more.
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC -
web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com
The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC -
web:thewincentral.com
Windows 11 cumulative update KB5094126 is causing severe BSOD 0xc0430001 boot loops, BitLocker lockouts, and broken OneDrive apps. Learn how to fix it now. - Read in Windows Issues on WinCentral
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC -
web:www.oracle.com
This Critical Security Patch Update contains 35 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Security Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at May 2026 Critical Security Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC -
web:www.rapid7.com
Microsoft is publishing 200 vulnerabilities on June 2026 Patch Tuesday, including an HTTP/2 denial of service vulnerability and an elevation of privilege vulnerability in PowerToys.
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC -
web:www.veeam.com
When a vulnerability is identified, our team promptly develops a patch to address and mitigate the risk. In line with our dedication to transparency, we publicly disclose the vulnerability and provide detailed mitigation information.
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC -
web:www.windowslatest.com
Windows 11 April 2026 update adds Narrator Copilot support, faster Settings, File Explorer fixes, and key security improvements.
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC -
web:zecurit.com
Get the complete breakdown of Microsoft's June 2026 Patch Tuesday. We analyze the latest security updates and all critical CVEs .
2026-06-19 02:55 UTC
AI Forensic Analysis
Only Available for Registered Users. Sign in to view.