CVE-2026-77422

Description

JLine is a Java library for handling console input. From 3.0.0 until 3.30.15 and 4.3.1, the JLine built-in grep command in builtins/src/main/java/org/jline/builtins/PosixCommands.java accepts a user-controlled regular expression in grep(...) and, unless line-regexp mode is used, automatically adds a dot-star prefix and suffix before compiling it with Java's backtracking regular expression engine. The wrapping expands the backtracking search space, so a short nested-quantifier expression evaluated against non-matching input can consume excessive CPU and indefinitely block a command worker, including in remotely exposed shell sessions. This issue is fixed in versions 3.30.15 and 4.3.1.

Overview

State: PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA): GitHub_M
CVSS severity: HIGH
CVSS score: 7.5 / 10
CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Effective score: 7.5 / 10 HIGH source: CNA overview
CWE(s): CWE-1333
Reserved: 2026-08-20
Published: 2026-09-23 18:09 UTC
Last updated: 2026-09-23 18:09 UTC
Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/77xxx/CVE-2026-77422.json
Linked Threat: CVE-2026-77422 — JLine: ReDoS in Built-in grep Command Amplified by Automatic `.*` Wrapping

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published: 2026-09-23 19:19:15 UTC
NVD last modified: 2026-09-23 19:19:15 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1: 7.5 / 10 HIGH source: security-advisories@github.com
NVD CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Exploitability subscore: 3.9 / 10
Impact subscore: 3.6 / 10

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID: EUVD-2026-85527
Assigner: GitHub_M
Published: Sep 23, 2026, 6:09:32 PM
Updated: Sep 23, 2026, 6:09:32 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1): 7.5 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EUVD-reported EPSS: 0.0000
Vendors: jline
Products: jline3 (3.0.0, < 3.30.15)

jline3 (4.0.0, < 4.3.1)
Aliases: GHSA-r2xf-8xr9-62gw

ENISA description: JLine is a Java library for handling console input. From 3.0.0 until 3.30.15 and 4.3.1, the JLine built-in grep command in builtins/src/main/java/org/jline/builtins/PosixCommands.java accepts a user-controlled regular expression in grep(...) and, unless line-regexp mode is used, automatically adds a dot-star prefix and suffix before compiling it with Java's backtracking regular expression engine. The wrapping expands the backtracking search space, so a short nested-quantifier expression evaluated against non-matching input can consume excessive CPU and indefinitely block a command worker, including in remotely exposed shell sessions. This issue is fixed in versions 3.30.15 and 4.3.1.

EUVD references (7)

Affected products (1)

Vendor	Product	Versions	Platforms
jline	jline3	`>= 3.0.0, < 3.30.15` (affected), `>= 4.0.0, < 4.3.1` (affected)	—

Vendor references (7)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

https://github.com/jline/jline3/security/advisories/GHSA-r2xf-8xr9-62gw x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/jline/jline3/pull/2012 x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/jline/jline3/pull/2018 x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/jline/jline3/commit/1d5fc3099e77938b971e197211cad2d4fbb17541 x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/jline/jline3/commit/341ee69ccc57b7733c1b40d6993219b64b3206ae x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/jline/jline3/releases/tag/4.3.1 x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/jline/jline3/releases/tag/jline-3.30.15 x_refsource_MISC

Web references (0)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

No web references attached yet.

NVD-tagged references (7)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

https://github.com/jline/jline3/commit/1d5fc3099e77938b971e197211cad2d4fbb17541 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/jline/jline3/commit/341ee69ccc57b7733c1b40d6993219b64b3206ae security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/jline/jline3/pull/2012 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/jline/jline3/pull/2018 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/jline/jline3/releases/tag/4.3.1 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/jline/jline3/releases/tag/jline-3.30.15 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/jline/jline3/security/advisories/GHSA-r2xf-8xr9-62gw security-advisories@github.com

Remediations (10)

Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

July 2026 Critical Patch Update Released | security - Oracle Blogs

web:blogs.oracle.com

For more information about the Critical Patch Update program, see the security vulnerability remediation practices page located on the Oracle Trust Center.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
Security Update Guide - Microsoft

web:msrc.microsoft.com

The Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) investigates all reports of security vulnerabilities affecting Microsoft products and services, and provides the information here as part of the ongoing effort to help you manage security risks and help keep your systems protected.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
Cisco Advance Notification for Publication of September 16, 2026 ...

web:sec.cloudapps.cisco.com

On September 16, 2026 , the Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) published the advisories that are listed in the following tables. To remediate these vulnerabilities, Cisco strongly recommends that customers upgrade to the fixed software that is indicated in the advisories. For more information about changes in Cisco PSIRT vulnerability disclosure, see Strengthening the ...

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tracker (September 2026): Exploit-Ranked | Senserva

web:senserva.com

Every Microsoft security patch (KB) and the CVEs it fixes, with severity, CVSS, and CISA KEV status. Cross-linked to the CVE reference.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
March 10, 2026—Hotpatch KB5079420 (OS Builds 26200.7979 and 26100.7979 ...

web:support.microsoft.com

This Hotpatch update for Windows 11, version 25H2 and 24H2 (KB5079420), improves functionality, performance, and reliability. To learn more about differences between security updates, optional non-security preview updates, out-of-band (OOB) updates, and continuous innovation, see Windows monthly updates explained. For information on Windows update terminology, see the different types of ...

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
SAP Security Patch Day - June 2026

web:support.sap.com

SAP security Patch Day Bulletin This post shares the information on security notes that remediate vulnerabilities discovered in SAP products. SAP strongly recommends that the customer visits the support portal and applies patches on priority to protect their SAP landscape. On 9th of June 2026 , SAP security patch day saw the release of 15 new security notes.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
August 2026 CVE Advisory Notification - Security

web:support.servicenow.com

Due to additional analysis provided by the security researcher who discovered CVE - 2026 -6876, we have upgraded the severity rating of CVE - 2026 -6876 from High to Critical. This change affects only the severity

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
CVE: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures

web:www.cve.org

At cve .org, we provide the authoritative reference method for publicly known information-security vulnerabilities and exposures

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - April 2026

web:www.oracle.com

Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - April 2026 Description A Critical Patch Update is a collection of patches for multiple security vulnerabilities. These patches address vulnerabilities in Oracle code and in third party components included in Oracle products. These patches are usually cumulative, but each advisory describes only the security patches added since the previous Critical Patch ...

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - July 2026

web:www.oracle.com

This Critical Patch Update contains 1448 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that a My Oracle Support (MOS) note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at July 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC

AI Forensic Analysis

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Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-77422.json.

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "jline3",
          "vendor": "jline",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 3.0.0, < 3.30.15"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 4.0.0, < 4.3.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "JLine is a Java library for handling console input. From 3.0.0 until 3.30.15 and 4.3.1, the JLine built-in grep command in builtins/src/main/java/org/jline/builtins/PosixCommands.java accepts a user-controlled regular expression in grep(...) and, unless line-regexp mode is used, automatically adds a dot-star prefix and suffix before compiling it with Java's backtracking regular expression engine. The wrapping expands the backtracking search space, so a short nested-quantifier expression evaluated against non-matching input can consume excessive CPU and indefinitely block a command worker, including in remotely exposed shell sessions. This issue is fixed in versions 3.30.15 and 4.3.1."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1333",
              "description": "CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-23T18:09:32.308Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
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          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/security/advisories/GHSA-r2xf-8xr9-62gw"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/pull/2012",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/pull/2012"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/pull/2018",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/pull/2018"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/commit/1d5fc3099e77938b971e197211cad2d4fbb17541",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/commit/1d5fc3099e77938b971e197211cad2d4fbb17541"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/commit/341ee69ccc57b7733c1b40d6993219b64b3206ae",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/commit/341ee69ccc57b7733c1b40d6993219b64b3206ae"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/releases/tag/4.3.1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/releases/tag/4.3.1"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/releases/tag/jline-3.30.15",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jline/jline3/releases/tag/jline-3.30.15"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-r2xf-8xr9-62gw",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "JLine: ReDoS in Built-in grep Command Amplified by Automatic `.*` Wrapping"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-77422",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-23T18:09:32.308Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-20T19:59:59.603Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-23T18:09:32.308Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}