CVE-2026-77602

Description

OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems. From 5.1.0 until 7.3.0, authenticated non-administrator users can write content under targets_modified/ that is later executed by multiple configuration paths below the intended code-execution privilege tier. Table and command or telemetry definitions are processed through ConfigParser, PacketConfig, GENERIC_READ_CONVERSION, or GENERIC_WRITE_CONVERSION, allowing ERB rendering or Ruby and Python evaluation, while openc3-cosmos-script-runner-api/scripts/run_suite_analysis.rb executes suite procedure files through require. Storage uploads, screen saves, and script creation can place content in the overlay, and triggering table processing, a cmd/tlm reload, or suite analysis executes the content in cmd-tlm-api, decom microservices, or Script Runner with access to internal credentials and data. This issue is fixed in version 7.3.0.

Overview

State: PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA): GitHub_M
CVSS severity: CRITICAL
CVSS score: 9.9 / 10
CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Effective score: 9.9 / 10 CRITICAL source: CNA overview
CWE(s): CWE-94
Reserved: 2026-08-20
Published: 2026-09-23 18:56 UTC
Last updated: 2026-09-23 18:56 UTC
Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/77xxx/CVE-2026-77602.json
Linked Threat: CVE-2026-77602 — OpenC3 COSMOS: Authenticated remote code execution via the user-writable config overlay (table definitions, cmd/tlm definitions, and script suites)

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published: 2026-09-23 19:19:18 UTC
NVD last modified: 2026-09-23 19:19:18 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1: 9.9 / 10 CRITICAL source: security-advisories@github.com
NVD CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Exploitability subscore: 3.1 / 10
Impact subscore: 6.0 / 10

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID: EUVD-2026-85566
Assigner: GitHub_M
Published: Sep 23, 2026, 6:56:16 PM
Updated: Sep 23, 2026, 6:56:16 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1): 9.9 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EUVD-reported EPSS: 0.0000
Vendors: OpenC3
Products: cosmos (5.1.0, < 7.3.0)
Aliases: GHSA-jjq7-m736-w977

ENISA description: OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems. From 5.1.0 until 7.3.0, authenticated non-administrator users can write content under targets_modified/ that is later executed by multiple configuration paths below the intended code-execution privilege tier. Table and command or telemetry definitions are processed through ConfigParser, PacketConfig, GENERIC_READ_CONVERSION, or GENERIC_WRITE_CONVERSION, allowing ERB rendering or Ruby and Python evaluation, while openc3-cosmos-script-runner-api/scripts/run_suite_analysis.rb executes suite procedure files through require. Storage uploads, screen saves, and script creation can place content in the overlay, and triggering table processing, a cmd/tlm reload, or suite analysis executes the content in cmd-tlm-api, decom microservices, or Script Runner with access to internal credentials and data. This issue is fixed in version 7.3.0.

EUVD references (4)

Affected products (1)

Vendor	Product	Versions	Platforms
OpenC3	cosmos	`>= 5.1.0, < 7.3.0` (affected)	—

Vendor references (4)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/security/advisories/GHSA-jjq7-m736-w977 x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/pull/3488 x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/commit/71943352a28128ef3e7e894319d97a656b5cd4f2 x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/commit/7a1538a4626f82c0d1540fcaa27ffdcbbd71ff81 x_refsource_MISC

Web references (0)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

No web references attached yet.

NVD-tagged references (4)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/commit/71943352a28128ef3e7e894319d97a656b5cd4f2 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/commit/7a1538a4626f82c0d1540fcaa27ffdcbbd71ff81 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/pull/3488 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/security/advisories/GHSA-jjq7-m736-w977 security-advisories@github.com

Remediations (10)

Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

CVE-2026-77602 - Vulnerability Details - OpenCVE

web:app.opencve.io

Remediation No vendor fix or workaround currently provided. OpenCVE Recommended Actions Upgrade OpenC3 COSMOS to version 7.3.0 or later, where the overlay execution paths are secured. Restrict write permissions on the targets_modified/ directory to administrator accounts only, preventing non‑admin users from creating executable scripts.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
CVE-2026-77602 - Exploits & Severity - Feedly

web:feedly.com

Mitigation Update COSMOS to a patched version. Additionally, restrict write access to the targets_modified/ directory to only trusted administrators, implement strict input validation and sanitization for all user-supplied configuration files, disable ERB rendering for untrusted configuration sources, and audit existing configuration files for suspicious code. Consider implementing code ...

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
Cisco Advance Notification for Publication of September 16, 2026 ...

web:sec.cloudapps.cisco.com

On September 16, 2026 , the Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) published the advisories that are listed in the following tables. To remediate these vulnerabilities, Cisco strongly recommends that customers upgrade to the fixed software that is indicated in the advisories. For more information about changes in Cisco PSIRT vulnerability disclosure, see Strengthening the ...

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
SAP Security Patch Day - June 2026

web:support.sap.com

SAP security Patch Day Bulletin This post shares the information on security notes that remediate vulnerabilities discovered in SAP products. SAP strongly recommends that the customer visits the support portal and applies patches on priority to protect their SAP landscape. On 9th of June 2026 , SAP security patch day saw the release of 15 new security notes.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
CVE-2026-77602 - OpenC3 COSMOS: Unintended Code Execution…

web:vulmon.com

OpenC3 COSMOS: Unintended Code Execution via Config File Manipulation. Authenticated non-administrator users can write content under targets_modified/ in OpenC3…

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
What Is CVE Remediation in 2026? - aikido.dev

web:www.aikido.dev

CVE remediation is fixing known flaws in the software you run. Why upgrading often fails, what remediation actually involves, and how backporting fixes it.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
CVE-2026-77602 Security Alert: CRITICAL Vulnerability

web:www.cyberlensai.com

CVE-2026-77602 is a critical remote code execution issue in rubygems (COSMOS), CVSS 9.9. An authenticated user can write attacker-controlled files into the user-writable targets_modified/ overlay, and COSMOS then treats those files as code in multiple paths: ERB rendering, generic conversion blocks, and Script Runner suite analysis.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - July 2026

web:www.oracle.com

This Critical Patch Update contains 1448 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that a My Oracle Support (MOS) note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at July 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
CVE-2026-77602: OpenC3 cosmos: OpenC3 COSMOS provides the ... - Rapid7

web:www.rapid7.com

CVE-2026-77602 : OpenC3 cosmos: OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems. View severity, references, and remediation details from Rapid7.

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC
CVE-2026-77602 | Tenable®

web:www.tenable.com

OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems. From 5.1.0 until 7.3.0, authenticated non-administrator users can write content under targets_modified/ that is later executed by multiple configuration paths below the intended code-execution privilege tier. Table and command or telemetry definitions are processed through ...

2026-09-24 11:12 UTC

AI Forensic Analysis

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Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-77602.json.

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "cosmos",
          "vendor": "OpenC3",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 5.1.0, < 7.3.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems. From 5.1.0 until 7.3.0, authenticated non-administrator users can write content under targets_modified/ that is later executed by multiple configuration paths below the intended code-execution privilege tier. Table and command or telemetry definitions are processed through ConfigParser, PacketConfig, GENERIC_READ_CONVERSION, or GENERIC_WRITE_CONVERSION, allowing ERB rendering or Ruby and Python evaluation, while openc3-cosmos-script-runner-api/scripts/run_suite_analysis.rb executes suite procedure files through require. Storage uploads, screen saves, and script creation can place content in the overlay, and triggering table processing, a cmd/tlm reload, or suite analysis executes the content in cmd-tlm-api, decom microservices, or Script Runner with access to internal credentials and data. This issue is fixed in version 7.3.0."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 9.9,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-23T18:56:16.967Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/security/advisories/GHSA-jjq7-m736-w977",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/security/advisories/GHSA-jjq7-m736-w977"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/pull/3488",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/pull/3488"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/commit/71943352a28128ef3e7e894319d97a656b5cd4f2",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/commit/71943352a28128ef3e7e894319d97a656b5cd4f2"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/commit/7a1538a4626f82c0d1540fcaa27ffdcbbd71ff81",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/commit/7a1538a4626f82c0d1540fcaa27ffdcbbd71ff81"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-jjq7-m736-w977",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "OpenC3 COSMOS: Authenticated remote code execution via the user-writable config overlay (table definitions, cmd/tlm definitions, and script suites)"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-77602",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-23T18:56:16.967Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-20T20:48:20.507Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-23T18:56:16.967Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}