CVE-2026-85725

Description

LightRAG provides simple and fast retrieval-augmented generation. Prior to 1.5.5, verify_password in lightrag/api/passwords.py compares plaintext AUTH_ACCOUNTS password values with Python's == operator. The comparison can return after the first mismatching byte, creating response-time differences based on password length and matching prefixes. A network attacker with sufficiently low-latency access can repeatedly query the /login endpoint and use the timing oracle to recover a plaintext-configured password character by character. Deployments using bcrypt-prefixed password values are not affected by this comparison path. This issue is fixed in version 1.5.5.

Overview

State: PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA): GitHub_M
CVSS severity: MEDIUM
CVSS score: 5.9 / 10
CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Effective score: 5.9 / 10 MEDIUM source: CNA overview
CWE(s): CWE-208
Reserved: 2026-09-04
Published: 2026-09-22 16:16 UTC
Last updated: 2026-09-22 16:16 UTC
Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/85xxx/CVE-2026-85725.json

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published: 2026-09-22 17:17:27 UTC
NVD last modified: 2026-09-22 17:17:27 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1: 5.9 / 10 MEDIUM source: security-advisories@github.com
NVD CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Exploitability subscore: 2.2 / 10
Impact subscore: 3.6 / 10

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID: EUVD-2026-84546
Assigner: GitHub_M
Published: Sep 22, 2026, 4:16:36 PM
Updated: Sep 22, 2026, 4:16:36 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1): 5.9 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EUVD-reported EPSS: 0.0000
Vendors: HKUDS
Products: LightRAG (< 1.5.5)
Aliases: GHSA-c759-cx9p-mrwq

ENISA description: LightRAG provides simple and fast retrieval-augmented generation. Prior to 1.5.5, verify_password in lightrag/api/passwords.py compares plaintext AUTH_ACCOUNTS password values with Python's == operator. The comparison can return after the first mismatching byte, creating response-time differences based on password length and matching prefixes. A network attacker with sufficiently low-latency access can repeatedly query the /login endpoint and use the timing oracle to recover a plaintext-configured password character by character. Deployments using bcrypt-prefixed password values are not affected by this comparison path. This issue is fixed in version 1.5.5.

EUVD references (4)

Affected products (1)

Vendor	Product	Versions	Platforms
HKUDS	LightRAG	`< 1.5.5` (affected)	—

Vendor references (4)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/security/advisories/GHSA-c759-cx9p-mrwq x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/pull/3423 x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/commit/89849c3ed0e0380345a6b5bade027cfb9a5bf32c x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/releases/tag/v1.5.5 x_refsource_MISC

Web references (0)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

No web references attached yet.

NVD-tagged references (4)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/commit/89849c3ed0e0380345a6b5bade027cfb9a5bf32c security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/pull/3423 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/releases/tag/v1.5.5 security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/security/advisories/GHSA-c759-cx9p-mrwq security-advisories@github.com

Remediations (10)

August 2026 cumulative update - .NET Framework | Microsoft Learn

web:learn.microsoft.com

This update installs the complete .NET Framework 3.5 product for Windows 11, version 26H1 (build version 28000) and newer. Unlike traditional cumulative updates that patch individual components, this update delivers the full .NET Framework 3.5 product as a standalone installer. It replaces any previously installed version.

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC
Security Update Guide - Microsoft

web:msrc.microsoft.com

The Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) investigates all reports of security vulnerabilities affecting Microsoft products and services, and provides the information here as part of the ongoing effort to help you manage security risks and help keep your systems protected.

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC
Cisco Advance Notification for Publication of September 16, 2026 ...

web:sec.cloudapps.cisco.com

On September 16, 2026 , the Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) published the advisories that are listed in the following tables. To remediate these vulnerabilities, Cisco strongly recommends that customers upgrade to the fixed software that is indicated in the advisories. For more information about changes in Cisco PSIRT vulnerability disclosure, see Strengthening the ...

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tracker (September 2026): Exploit-Ranked | Senserva

web:senserva.com

Every Microsoft security patch (KB) and the CVEs it fixes, with severity, CVSS, and CISA KEV status. Cross-linked to the CVE reference.

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC
SAP Security Patch Day - June 2026

web:support.sap.com

SAP security Patch Day Bulletin This post shares the information on security notes that remediate vulnerabilities discovered in SAP products. SAP strongly recommends that the customer visits the support portal and applies patches on priority to protect their SAP landscape. On 9th of June 2026 , SAP security patch day saw the release of 15 new security notes.

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC
August's Patch Tuesday is a monster: 751 fixes, with an exploited ...

web:www.computerworld.com

August's Patch Tuesday is a big one: 751 fixes, an exploited WinSock flaw and plenty of critical Windows, Office and Exchange issues.

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC
The 8 Best Automated Vulnerability Remediation Tools in 2026

web:www.openhands.dev

Compare 8 automated vulnerability remediation tools for 2026 on fixes, prioritization, integrations, and deployment control.

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - July 2026

web:www.oracle.com

This Critical Patch Update contains 1448 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that a My Oracle Support (MOS) note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at July 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC
Oracle Critical Security Patch Update Advisory - June 2026

web:www.oracle.com

Additional CVEs addressed are: The patch for CVE - 2026 -34481 also addresses CVE - 2026 -34477, CVE - 2026 -34478, CVE - 2026 -34479, and CVE - 2026 -34480. Oracle Fusion Middleware Risk Matrix This Critical Security Patch Update contains 106 new security patches for Oracle Fusion Middleware. 53 of these vulnerabilities may be remotely exploitable without authentication, i.e., may be exploited over a ...

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC
Patch Tuesday September 2026: Security Updates & CVE Analysis

web:zecurit.com

Get the complete breakdown of Microsoft's September 2026 Patch Tuesday. We analyze the latest security updates and all critical CVEs .

2026-09-23 15:43 UTC

AI Forensic Analysis

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Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-85725.json.

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "LightRAG",
          "vendor": "HKUDS",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "< 1.5.5"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "LightRAG provides simple and fast retrieval-augmented generation. Prior to 1.5.5, verify_password in lightrag/api/passwords.py compares plaintext AUTH_ACCOUNTS password values with Python's == operator. The comparison can return after the first mismatching byte, creating response-time differences based on password length and matching prefixes. A network attacker with sufficiently low-latency access can repeatedly query the /login endpoint and use the timing oracle to recover a plaintext-configured password character by character. Deployments using bcrypt-prefixed password values are not affected by this comparison path. This issue is fixed in version 1.5.5."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 5.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-208",
              "description": "CWE-208: Observable Timing Discrepancy",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T16:16:36.326Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/security/advisories/GHSA-c759-cx9p-mrwq",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/security/advisories/GHSA-c759-cx9p-mrwq"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/pull/3423",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/pull/3423"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/commit/89849c3ed0e0380345a6b5bade027cfb9a5bf32c",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/commit/89849c3ed0e0380345a6b5bade027cfb9a5bf32c"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/releases/tag/v1.5.5",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/releases/tag/v1.5.5"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-c759-cx9p-mrwq",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "LightRAG: Plaintext Passwords Compared Without Constant-Time Function"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-85725",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-22T16:16:36.326Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-04T14:45:10.648Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T16:16:36.326Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}