CVE-2025-43520

Description

A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Sonoma 14.8.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1, tvOS 26.1, visionOS 26.1, watchOS 26.1. A malicious application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory.

Overview

State: PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA): apple
CVSS severity: —
CVSS score: —
CVSS vector: AV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:N/A:C
Effective score: 5.5 / 10 MEDIUM source: NVD
CWE(s): —
Reserved: 2025-04-16
Published: 2025-12-12 21:56 UTC
Last updated: 2026-04-02 20:11 UTC
Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2025/43xxx/CVE-2025-43520.json

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities CISA KEV

CISA has confirmed in-the-wild exploitation of this CVE. Federal agencies must remediate by the due date below; private orgs should treat it as priority-1.

Vulnerability name: Apple Multiple Products Classic Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
Vendor / project: Apple
Product: Multiple Products
Date added to KEV: 2026-03-20
Remediation due: 2026-04-03
Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Ransomware campaign use: Unknown
CISA notes: https://support.apple.com/en-us/125632 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125633 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125636 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125637 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125638 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125639 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43520
CISA listing: www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published: 2025-12-12 21:15:56 UTC
NVD last modified: 2026-06-17 09:24:11 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1: 5.5 / 10 MEDIUM source: nvd@nist.gov
NVD CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Exploitability subscore: 1.8 / 10
Impact subscore: 3.6 / 10
EPSS score: 0.0040 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
EPSS percentile: 31.95% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-06-27

NVD-assigned CWE(s): CWE-120 (differs from the CNA list above)

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID: EUVD-2025-203153
Assigner: apple
Published: Dec 12, 2025, 8:56:25 PM
Updated: Apr 2, 2026, 6:11:45 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1): 5.5 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EUVD-reported EPSS: 0.2600
Vendors: Apple
Products: visionOS (unspecified <26.1)

macOS (unspecified <15.7)

iOS and iPadOS (unspecified <26.1)

watchOS (unspecified <26.1)

macOS (unspecified <14.8)

watchOS (0 <26.1)

macOS (0 <26.1)

macOS (0 <14.8.2)

macOS (0 <15.7.2)

macOS (unspecified <26.1)

tvOS (unspecified <26.1)

visionOS (0 <26.1)

iOS and iPadOS (0 <18.7.2)

iOS and iPadOS (unspecified <18.7)

iOS and iPadOS (0 <26.1)

tvOS (0 <26.1)
Aliases: GHSA-c46j-8p94-c85x

ENISA description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Sonoma 14.8.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1, tvOS 26.1, visionOS 26.1, watchOS 26.1. A malicious application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory.

EUVD references (8)

Affected products (5)

Vendor	Product	Versions	Platforms
Apple	iOS and iPadOS	`0` (affected), `0` (affected)	—
Apple	macOS	`0` (affected), `0` (affected), `0` (affected)	—
Apple	tvOS	`0` (affected)	—
Apple	visionOS	`0` (affected)	—
Apple	watchOS	`0` (affected)	—

Affected products — CPE 2.3 (9) NVD

NVD's normalized CPE 2.3 matchers, used by vendor tools (vulnerability scanners, asset managers) for automated detection. Compare with the CNA's free-text "Affected products" section above.

cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:26.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:26.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:26.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Vendor references (8)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

MITRE references (5) cveawg.mitre.org

Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.

Web references (7)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

https://support.apple.com/en-us/125636 rapid7:support.apple.com
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/120.html rapid7:cwe.mitre.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43520 rapid7:www.cve.org
https://attackerkb.com/topics/CVE-2025-43520 rapid7:attackerkb.com
https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-203153 rapid7:euvd.enisa.europa.eu
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634 rapid7:support.apple.com
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635 rapid7:support.apple.com

NVD-tagged references (10)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/darksword-ios-exploit-chain/ 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 Technical Description
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125632 product-security@apple.com Release NotesVendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125633 product-security@apple.com Release NotesVendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634 product-security@apple.com Release NotesVendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635 product-security@apple.com Release NotesVendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125636 product-security@apple.com Release NotesVendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125637 product-security@apple.com Release NotesVendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125638 product-security@apple.com Release NotesVendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/125639 product-security@apple.com Release NotesVendor Advisory
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-43520 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 US Government Resource

Remediations (10)

THREAT ADVISORY RedSun Zero-Day (Windows Defender) April 17, 2026

web:blackswan-cybersecurity.com

Cloud Files API activity originating outside legitimate OneDrive/sync processes. Mitigation Steps: Apply all Windows updates immediately (monitor MSRC for an emergency RedSun-specific patch . None released as of April 17, 2026). Supplement Defender with a secondary EDR solution (e.g., Huntress) capable of detecting Defender bypasses.

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update, April 2025 Security Update Review

web:blog.qualys.com

Oracle released its first quarterly edition of this year's Critical Patch Update. The update received patches for 378 security vulnerabilities.

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC
CISA Warns of Exploited Microsoft Defender 0-Day Flaws

web:cyberpress.org

The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has added two actively exploited Microsoft Defender vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, issuing an urgent remediation directive for federal agencies with a due date of June 3, 2026.

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC
Security Update Guide - Microsoft

web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com

The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC
Landing Page | ServiceNow Common Vulnerabilities & Exposures (CVE ...

web:support.servicenow.com

Overview The advisories below document publicly disclosed Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures ( CVEs ) in the Now Platform by ServiceNow. Because ServiceNow uses various methods to communicate vulnerability information, patches, and other fixes, customers should review family, security patch , and hotfix release notes, which are available at https://docs.servicenow.com, for a complete list of ...

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC
ArcGIS Server Security 2025 Update 2 Patch - Esri

web:www.esri.com

Key highlights The ArcGIS Server Security 2025 update 2 is available This patch resolves 10 Medium severity vulnerabilities This security patch is cumulative, and includes fixes provided in the ArcGIS Server Security 2025 update 1.

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - April 2025

web:www.oracle.com

Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - April 2025 Description A Critical Patch Update is a collection of patches for multiple security vulnerabilities. These patches address vulnerabilities in Oracle code and in third party components included in Oracle products. These patches are usually cumulative, but each advisory describes only the security patches added since the previous Critical Patch ...

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC
Oracle Patches 450 Vulnerabilities With April 2026 CPU

web:www.securityweek.com

Oracle on Tuesday announced the release of 481 new security patches as part of its April 2026 Critical Patch Update (CPU). Across the 28 product families that received security updates, more than 300 patches address vulnerabilities that are remotely exploitable without authentication.

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC
Oracle April 2025 Critical Patch Update Addresses 171 CVEs

web:www.tenable.com

Oracle addresses 171 CVEs in its second quarterly update of 2025 with 378 patches, including 40 critical updates.

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC
Patch Tuesday May 2026: Security Updates & CVE Analysis

web:zecurit.com

Get the complete breakdown of Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. We analyze the latest security updates and all critical CVEs .

2026-05-23 15:31 UTC

AI Forensic Analysis

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Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2025-43520.json.

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              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
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              "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "NONE",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
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              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
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