CVE-2023-28244

Description

Windows Kerberos Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Overview

State: PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA): microsoft
CVSS severity: HIGH
CVSS score: 8.1 / 10
CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
Effective score: 8.1 / 10 HIGH source: CNA overview
MSRC score: 8.1 / 10 HIGH MS rating: Important · Elevation of Privilege
CWE(s): CWE-327
Reserved: 2023-03-13
Published: 2023-04-11 07:00 UTC
Last updated: 2023-04-11 07:00 UTC
Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2023/28xxx/CVE-2023-28244.json
Linked Threat: CVE-2023-28244 — Windows Kerberos Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published: 2023-04-11 21:15:24 UTC
NVD last modified: 2026-06-17 05:47:13 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1: 8.1 / 10 HIGH source: secure@microsoft.com
NVD CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Exploitability subscore: 2.2 / 10
Impact subscore: 5.9 / 10
EPSS score: 0.0292 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
EPSS percentile: 85.62% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-07-29

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID: EUVD-2023-31952
Assigner: microsoft
Published: Apr 11, 2023, 7:13:44 PM
Updated: Jan 23, 2025, 1:05:06 AM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1): 8.1 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
EUVD-reported EPSS: 6.0300
Vendors: Microsoft
Products: Windows Server 2012 (6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.24216)

Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) (6.1.7601.0 <6.1.7601.26466)

Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (6.0.6003.0 <6.0.6003.22015)

Windows Server 2019 (10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.4252)

Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (6.1.7601.0 <6.1.7601.26466)

Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) (10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.5850)

Windows Server 2012 R2 (6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.20919)

Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) (6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.20919)

Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) (6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.24216)

Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) (6.0.6003.0 <6.0.6003.22015)

Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) (10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.4252)

Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (6.0.6003.0 <6.0.6003.22015)

Windows Server 2016 (10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.5850)

Windows Server 2022 (10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.1668)
Aliases: GHSA-3xmh-pj8g-v9w9

ENISA description: Windows Kerberos Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

EUVD references (1)

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-28244

Microsoft Security Response Center MSRC

Microsoft's vendor-authoritative record from the Security Update Guide — its own CVSS score, impact, severity rating, exploit assessment, and KB-article fixes. Refreshed 2026-08-11 01:49 UTC (source: CVRF).

MS severity: Important
Impact: Elevation of Privilege
MS CVSS base score: 8.1 / 10 (temporal 7.1)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
Exploit assessment: Publicly Disclosed:No;Exploited:No;Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely;DOS:N/A
Release: 2023-Apr

Microsoft remediations / KB articles (18)

5025229 — Vendor Fix / Security Update (fixed build 10.0.17763.4252)
5025229 — Update
5025230 — Vendor Fix / Security Update (fixed build 10.0.20348.1668)
5025230 — Update
5025228 — Vendor Fix / Security Update (fixed build 10.0.14393.5850)
5025271 — Vendor Fix / Monthly Rollup (fixed build 6.0.6003.22015)
5025271 — Update
5025273 — Vendor Fix / Security Only (fixed build 6.0.6003.22015)
5025273 — Update
5025279 — Vendor Fix / Monthly Rollup (fixed build 6.1.7601.26466)
5025279 — Update
5025277 — Vendor Fix / Security Only (fixed build 6.1.7601.26466)
5025277 — Update
5025287 — Vendor Fix / Monthly Rollup (fixed build 6.2.9200.24216)
5025272 — Vendor Fix / Security Only (fixed build 6.2.9200.24216)
5025285 — Vendor Fix / Monthly Rollup (fixed build 6.3.9600.20919)
5025288 — Vendor Fix / Security Only (fixed build 6.3.9600.20919)
<p>The following <a href="https://technet.microsoft.com/library/security/dn848375.aspx">mitigating factors</a> might be helpful in your situation:</p> <p>Systems running Windows Defender Credential Guard will block this attack.</p> — Mitigation

Microsoft FAQ (3)

According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?

The attacker must inject themselves into the logical network path between the target and the resource requested by the victim to read or modify network communications. This is called a machine-in-the-middle (MITM) attack.

How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?

An unauthenticated attacker could perform a man-in-the-middle network exploit to downgrade a client's encryption to the RC4-md4 cypher, followed by cracking the user's cypher key. The attacker could then compromise the user's Kerberos session key to elevate privileges.

What privileges could be gained by an attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability?

An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could gain the privileges of the targeted user.

Affected products (14)

Vendor	Product	Versions	Platforms
Microsoft	Windows Server 2019	`10.0.17763.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)	`10.0.17763.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2022	`10.0.20348.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2016	`10.0.14393.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)	`10.0.14393.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2	`6.0.6003.0` (affected)	32-bit Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)	`6.0.6003.0` (affected)	32-bit Systems, x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2	`6.0.6003.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1	`6.1.7601.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)	`6.1.7601.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2012	`6.2.9200.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)	`6.2.9200.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2012 R2	`6.3.9600.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems
Microsoft	Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)	`6.3.9600.0` (affected)	x64-based Systems

Affected products — CPE 2.3 (7) NVD

NVD's normalized CPE 2.3 matchers, used by vendor tools (vulnerability scanners, asset managers) for automated detection. Compare with the CNA's free-text "Affected products" section above.

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:r2:sp1:*:*:*:*:x64:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Vendor references (1)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

Windows Kerberos Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability vendor-advisory

Web references (25)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

5025230 msrc
5025271 msrc
5025271 msrc
5025273 msrc
5025277 msrc
5025279 msrc
5025272 msrc
5025273 msrc
5025277 msrc
5025279 msrc
5025285 msrc
5025287 msrc
5025288 msrc
MSRC update guide: CVE-2023-28244 msrc
5025228 msrc
5025229 msrc
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28244 rapid7:www.cve.org
https://attackerkb.com/topics/CVE-2023-28244 rapid7:attackerkb.com
https://support.microsoft.com/help/5025228 rapid7:support.microsoft.com
https://support.microsoft.com/help/5025229 rapid7:support.microsoft.com
https://support.microsoft.com/help/5025230 rapid7:support.microsoft.com
https://support.microsoft.com/help/5025272 rapid7:support.microsoft.com
https://support.microsoft.com/help/5025285 rapid7:support.microsoft.com
https://support.microsoft.com/help/5025288 rapid7:support.microsoft.com
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/327.html rapid7:cwe.mitre.org

NVD-tagged references (2)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-28244 secure@microsoft.com PatchVendor Advisory
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-28244 af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 PatchVendor Advisory

Remediations (17)

Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

Microsoft Patch Tuesday June 2026 - 198 Vulnerabilities Fixed ...

web:cybersecuritynews.com

Microsoft has released its June 2026 Patch Tuesday security updates, addressing a hefty 198 vulnerabilities across its product ecosystem. The June rollout, published on June 9, 2026, stands out not only for its volume but also for the inclusion of three zero-day vulnerabilities that were actively exploited or publicly known before a fix was available. Administrators are urged to prioritize ...

2026-06-10 00:58 UTC
Adobe Commerce 2.4.7 Security Patch Release Notes | Adobe Commerce

web:experienceleague.adobe.com

Learn about security bug fixes, security enhancements, and other security related updates included in the security patch releases for Adobe Commerce version 2.4.7.

2026-06-10 00:58 UTC
Vulnerability Remediation vs Mitigation: Which Strategy Wins in ...

web:securityboulevard.com

Organizations must decide how to tackle vulnerabilities—through remediation , mitigation , or a combination of both. But which strategy is more effective? This blog explores the nuances of vulnerability remediation vs mitigation , their respective benefits, and how to choose the right approach.

2026-06-10 00:58 UTC
2023 Top Routinely Exploited Vulnerabilities - CISA

web:www.cisa.gov

For patch information on CVEs identified in this advisory, refer to the Appendix: Patch Information and Additional Resources for Top Exploited Vulnerabilities. If a patch for a KEV or critical vulnerability cannot be quickly applied, implement vendor-approved workarounds.

2026-06-10 00:58 UTC
Microsoft Technical Security Notifications

web:www.microsoft.com

Security Update Guide Notifications Microsoft's free Security Update Guide Notifications provide links to security-related software updates and notification of re-released security updates. These notifications are sent via email throughout the month as needed.

2026-06-10 00:58 UTC
Critical Patch Updates, Critical Security Patch Updates ... - Oracle

web:www.oracle.com

Critical Security Patch Updates Critical Security Patch Updates provide security patches for supported Oracle on-premises products. A Critical Security Patch Update provides targeted, high-priority security fixes in a smaller, more focused format, making them easier to apply with minimal disruption.

2026-06-10 00:58 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - April 2023

web:www.oracle.com

This Critical Patch Update contains 433 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at April 2023 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.

2026-06-10 00:58 UTC
Microsoft March 2026 Patch Tuesday fixes 2 zero-days, 79 flaws

web:www.bleepingcomputer.com

Today is Microsoft's March 2026 Patch Tuesday with security updates for 79 flaws, including 2 publicly disclosed zero-day vulnerabilities.

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC
Vulnerability Remediation vs. Mitigation: What are the Differences ...

web:www.secure.com

Learn the difference between vulnerability remediation and mitigation , and how a risk-based strategy can strengthen your security posture.

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC
Microsoft Issues Massive Windows Patch for 160+ Bugs ... - TechRepublic

web:www.techrepublic.com

Microsoft's April 2026 Patch Tuesday fixes 165 vulnerabilities, including two zero-days, in one of the company's largest monthly security updates.

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC
February 2026 Microsoft Patch Tuesday | Tenable®

web:www.tenable.com

Microsoft patched 54 CVEs in its February 2026 Patch Tuesday release, with two rated critical, 51 rated as important and one rated as moderate. We omitted one vulnerability from our counts this month, CVE - 2023 -2804, a heap based overflow vulnerability in the libjpeg-turbo component.

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tuesday May 2026 - 120 Vulnerabilities Fixed, Including ...

web:cybersecuritynews.com

Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday lands with a heavy enterprise focus, fixing 120 vulnerabilities across Windows, Office, Azure, developer tools, and Microsoft 365 apps, including 29 remote code execution (RCE) flaws rated Critical.

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC
Patch Tuesday May 2026: Security Updates & CVE Analysis

web:zecurit.com

Get the complete breakdown of Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. We analyze the latest security updates and all critical CVEs .

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC
Patch Tuesday, April 2026 Edition - Krebs on Security

web:krebsonsecurity.com

For a clickable, per- patch breakdown, check out the SANS Internet Storm Center Patch Tuesday roundup. Running into problems applying any of these updates?

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC
Security Update Guide - Microsoft

web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com

The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC
Microsoft Issues Second Biggest Patch Tuesday Ever in April

web:redmondmag.com

Microsoft this week released one of the largest Patch Tuesday bundles in its history, delivering fixes for 163 new Microsoft CVEs in a month that includes three zero-days and eight Critical-rated ...

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - April 2026

web:www.oracle.com

This Critical Patch Update contains 481 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at April 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.

2026-05-22 06:12 UTC

AI Forensic Analysis

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Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2023-28244.json.

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