CVE-2025-4232
📛 CVE Title
GlobalProtect: Authenticated Code Injection Through Wildcard on macOS
Description
An improper neutralization of wildcards vulnerability in the log collection feature of Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect™ app on macOS allows a non administrative user to escalate their privileges to root.
Overview
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Assigner (CNA)
- palo_alto
- CVSS severity
- HIGH
- CVSS score
- 8.5 / 10
- CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber- Effective score
- 8.5 / 10 HIGH source: CNA overview
- CWE(s)
-
CWE-155 - Reserved
- 2025-05-02
- Published
- 2025-06-12 23:22 UTC
- Last updated
- 2026-02-26 17:50 UTC
- Source
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2025/4xxx/CVE-2025-4232.json
- Linked Threat
- CVE-2025-4232 — GlobalProtect: Authenticated Code Injection Through Wildcard on macOS
NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0
Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.
- NVD published
- 2025-06-13 00:15:23 UTC
- NVD last modified
- 2025-06-27 16:47:32 UTC
- NVD CVSS v3.1
- 8.8 / 10 HIGH source: nvd@nist.gov
- NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H- Exploitability subscore
- 2.8 / 10
- Impact subscore
- 5.9 / 10
- EPSS score
- 0.0024 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
- EPSS percentile
- 46.84% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-24
NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-05-25 05:14 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.
European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD
ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.
- EUVD ID
-
EUVD-2025-18224 - Assigner
- palo_alto
- Published
- Jun 12, 2025, 11:22:34 PM
- Updated
- Feb 26, 2026, 5:50:39 PM
- EUVD base score (CVSS 4.0)
-
8.5 / 10
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber - EUVD-reported EPSS
- 0.2400
- Vendors
- Palo Alto Networks
- Products
-
GlobalProtect App (6.2.0 <6.2.8-h2)GlobalProtect App (6.0.0)GlobalProtect App (6.1.0)GlobalProtect AppGlobalProtect App (6.3 <6.3.3)
- Aliases
-
GHSA-2qvw-8f7v-j53g
ENISA description: An improper neutralization of wildcards vulnerability in the log collection feature of Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect™ app on macOS allows a non administrative user to escalate their privileges to root.
EUVD references (1)
Affected products (2)
| Vendor | Product | Versions | Platforms |
|---|---|---|---|
| Palo Alto Networks | GlobalProtect App |
6.3 (affected),
6.2.0 (affected),
6.1.0 (affected),
6.0.0 (affected)
|
macOS |
| Palo Alto Networks | GlobalProtect App |
All (unaffected)
|
Windows, Linux, Android, iOS, Chrome OS |
Affected products — CPE 2.3 (1) NVD
NVD's normalized CPE 2.3 matchers, used by vendor tools (vulnerability scanners, asset managers) for automated detection. Compare with the CNA's free-text "Affected products" section above.
cpe:2.3:a:paloaltonetworks:globalprotect:*:*:*:*:*:macos:*:*
Vendor references (1)
References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.
- https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-4232 vendor-advisory
MITRE references (1) cveawg.mitre.org
Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.
- https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-4232 vendor-advisory
Web references (5)
DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.
- http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/155.html rapid7:cwe.mitre.org
- https://attackerkb.com/topics/CVE-2025-4232 rapid7:attackerkb.com
- https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-18224 rapid7:euvd.enisa.europa.eu
- https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/json/CVE-2025-4232 rapid7:security.paloaltonetworks.com
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4232 rapid7:www.cve.org
NVD-tagged references (1)
Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.
- https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-4232 psirt@paloaltonetworks.com Vendor Advisory
Indicators (1)
IOCs linked to the auto-promoted Threat row.
| Type | Value | VirusTotal | Attached |
|---|---|---|---|
| cve |
CVE-2025-4232
|
no local data | 2026-05-14 09:33 UTC |
Remediations (8)
Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.
-
web:msrc.microsoft.com
The Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) investigates all reports of security vulnerabilities affecting Microsoft products and services, and provides the information here as part of the ongoing effort to help you manage security risks and help keep your systems protected.
2026-05-17 06:25 UTC -
web:msrc.microsoft.com
Access Microsoft Security Response Center's guide to address vulnerabilities, manage security risks, and keep your systems protected with the latest updates.
2026-05-17 06:25 UTC -
web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com
The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.
2026-05-17 06:25 UTC -
web:support.microsoft.com
Summary Improvements and fixes included in this update How to obtain and install the update How to obtain or download the latest cumulative update package for Linux More information File information Information about protection and security Summary This security update contains fixes and resolves vulnerabilities. To learn more about the vulnerabilities, see the following security advisories ...
2026-05-17 06:25 UTC -
web:support.microsoft.com
The following summary outlines key issues addressed by this update. The bold text within the brackets indicates the item or area of the change. [Networking] Fixed: This update addresses a security issue in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) management tool. If you connect to a malicious remote server, an attacker could disrupt the tool or run code on your device. For more ...
2026-05-17 06:25 UTC -
web:www.cisa.gov
Updated October 29, 2025 : CISA has updated this Alert to include revised information on vulnerable product identification, potential threat activity detections, and additional resources. Microsoft released an update to address a critical remote code execution vulnerability impacting Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) in Windows Server (2012, 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025 ), CVE - 2025 -59287
2026-05-17 06:25 UTC -
web:www.oracle.com
This Critical Patch Update contains 481 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at April 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.
2026-05-17 06:25 UTC -
web:www.oracle.com
This Critical Patch Update contains 374 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at October 2025 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.
2026-05-17 06:25 UTC
AI Forensic Analysis
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Raw JSON
The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2025-4232.json.
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