CVE-2026-45740
📛 CVE Title
protobufjs: Denial of Service via unbounded recursive JSON descriptor expansion
Description
protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.5.8 and 8.2.0, protobufjs could recurse without a depth limit while expanding nested JSON descriptors through Root.fromJSON() and Namespace.addJSON(). A crafted JSON descriptor with deeply nested namespace definitions could cause the JavaScript call stack to be exhausted during descriptor loading. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.8 and 8.2.0.
Overview
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Assigner (CNA)
- GitHub_M
- CVSS severity
- MEDIUM
- CVSS score
- 5.3 / 10
- CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L- Effective score
- 5.3 / 10 MEDIUM source: CNA overview
- CWE(s)
-
CWE-674 - Reserved
- 2026-05-13
- Published
- 2026-05-13 16:46 UTC
- Last updated
- 2026-05-13 20:20 UTC
- Source
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/45xxx/CVE-2026-45740.json
- Linked Threat
- CVE-2026-45740 — CVE-2026-45740
NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0
Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.
- NVD published
- 2026-05-13 16:17:00 UTC
- NVD last modified
- 2026-05-13 20:50:15 UTC
- NVD CVSS v3.1
- 5.3 / 10 MEDIUM source: security-advisories@github.com
- NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L- Exploitability subscore
- 3.9 / 10
- Impact subscore
- 1.4 / 10
- EPSS score
- 0.0006 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
- EPSS percentile
- 18.26% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-24
NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-05-25 08:28 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.
European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD
ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.
- EUVD ID
-
EUVD-2026-30039 - Assigner
- GitHub_M
- Published
- May 13, 2026, 2:46:02 PM
- Updated
- May 13, 2026, 6:20:12 PM
- EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1)
-
5.3 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L - EUVD-reported EPSS
- 0.0600
- Vendors
- protobufjs
- Products
-
protobuf.js (8.0.0, < 8.2.0)protobuf.js (< 7.5.8)
- Aliases
-
GHSA-jggg-4jg4-v7c6
ENISA description: protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.5.8 and 8.2.0, protobufjs could recurse without a depth limit while expanding nested JSON descriptors through Root.fromJSON() and Namespace.addJSON(). A crafted JSON descriptor with deeply nested namespace definitions could cause the JavaScript call stack to be exhausted during descriptor loading. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.8 and 8.2.0.
Affected products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Versions | Platforms |
|---|---|---|---|
| protobufjs | protobuf.js |
< 7.5.8 (affected),
>= 8.0.0, < 8.2.0 (affected)
|
— |
Affected products — CPE 2.3 (1) NVD
NVD's normalized CPE 2.3 matchers, used by vendor tools (vulnerability scanners, asset managers) for automated detection. Compare with the CNA's free-text "Affected products" section above.
cpe:2.3:a:protobufjs_project:protobufjs:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
Vendor references (1)
References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.
MITRE references (1) cveawg.mitre.org
Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.
Web references (3)
DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45740 tenable:nvd.nist.gov
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45740 tenable:www.cve.org
- https://www.first.org/epss/ tenable:www.first.org
NVD-tagged references (1)
Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.
- https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/security/advisories/GHSA-jggg-4jg4-v7c6 security-advisories@github.com MitigationVendor Advisory
Remediations (15)
Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.
-
web:blog.qualys.com
With Qualys Policy Audit's out-of-the-box mitigation or Compensatory Controls, which reduce the risk of a vulnerability being exploited because the remediation ( fix / patch ) cannot be done immediately, these security controls are not recommended by any industry standards, such as CIS and DISA-STIG.
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:cyberpress.org
The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has added two actively exploited Microsoft Defender vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, issuing an urgent remediation directive for federal agencies with a due date of June 3, 2026 .
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:krebsonsecurity.com
Microsoft expects that exploitation is more likely. May's Patch Tuesday is a welcome respite from April, which saw Microsoft fix a near-record 167 security flaws.
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:oradba.ch
19c 26ai cve oracle-cpu patch -management release-update security Oracle CPU April 2026 : Delayed RUs & First Analysis On April 21, 2026 , Oracle released the Critical Patch Update (CPU) for April 2026 — 481 new security fixes across the entire Oracle product stack. For Oracle Database, this means another round of mandatory patching.
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com
The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:www.bleepingcomputer.com
Today is Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday, with security updates for 120 flaws and no zero-days disclosed this month.
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:www.cisecurity.org
<p>Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Microsoft products, the most severe of which could allow for remote code execution. Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could result in an attacker gaining the same privileges as the logged-on user. Depending on the privileges associated with the user, an attacker could then install programs; view, change, or ...
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:www.oracle.com
This Critical Patch Update contains 481 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at April 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:www.windowslatest.com
Windows 11 April 2026 update adds Narrator Copilot support, faster Settings, File Explorer fixes, and key security improvements.
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:zecurit.com
Get the complete breakdown of Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. We analyze the latest security updates and all critical CVEs .
2026-05-23 20:55 UTC -
web:blog.qualys.com
Oracle released its second quarterly edition of this year's Critical Patch Update. The update received patches for 481 security vulnerabilities.
2026-05-26 02:55 UTC -
web:community.ui.com
Published: May 21, 2026 Updated: May 22, 2026 Version: 1.1 Revision: 1.1 Summary 1 of 5 A malicious actor with access to the network and high privileges could exploit an Improper Input Validation vulnerability found in UniFi OS devices to execute a Command Injection. Affected Products: UniFi OS Server (Version 5.0.6 and earlier) Mitigation : Update your UniFi OS Server to Version 5.0.8 or later ...
2026-05-26 02:55 UTC -
web:krebsonsecurity.com
For a clickable, per- patch breakdown, check out the SANS Internet Storm Center Patch Tuesday roundup. Running into problems applying any of these updates?
2026-05-26 02:55 UTC -
web:www.crowdstrike.com
Microsoft's April 2026 Patch Tuesday addresses 164 CVEs , featuring 8 Critical vulnerabilities, one exploited zero-day, and one disclosed zero-day.
2026-05-26 02:55 UTC -
web:www.microsoft.com
Security Update Guide Notifications Microsoft's free Security Update Guide Notifications provide links to security-related software updates and notification of re-released security updates. These notifications are sent via email throughout the month as needed.
2026-05-26 02:55 UTC
AI Forensic Analysis
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Raw JSON
The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-45740.json.
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