CVE-2026-31217

Description

The _load_model() function in the neural_magic_training.py script of the optimate project in commit a6d302f912b481c94370811af6b11402f51d377f (2024-07-21) allows arbitrary code execution. When a user supplies a directory path via the --model command-line argument, the function reads a module.py file from that directory and executes its contents directly using Python's exec() function. This design does not validate or sanitize the file's content, allowing an attacker who controls the input directory to execute arbitrary Python code in the context of the process running the script.

Overview

State: PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA): mitre
CVSS severity: critical
CVSS score: 9.8 / 10
CVSS vector: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Effective score: 9.8 / 10 CRITICAL source: CNA overview
CWE(s): —
Reserved: 2026-03-09
Published: 2026-05-12 00:00 UTC
Last updated: 2026-05-13 14:01 UTC
Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/31xxx/CVE-2026-31217.json
Linked Threat: CVE-2026-31217 — CVE-2026-31217

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published: 2026-05-12 16:16:13 UTC
NVD last modified: 2026-05-13 15:52:25 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1: 9.8 / 10 CRITICAL source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
NVD CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Exploitability subscore: 3.9 / 10
Impact subscore: 5.9 / 10
EPSS score: 0.0010 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
EPSS percentile: 27.54% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-24

NVD-assigned CWE(s): CWE-94 (differs from the CNA list above)

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID: EUVD-2026-29501
Assigner: mitre
Published: May 12, 2026, 12:00:00 AM
Updated: May 13, 2026, 2:01:54 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1): 9.8 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EUVD-reported EPSS: 0.1100
Vendors: n/a
Products: n/a (n/a)

ENISA description: The _load_model() function in the neural_magic_training.py script of the optimate project in commit a6d302f912b481c94370811af6b11402f51d377f (2024-07-21) allows arbitrary code execution. When a user supplies a directory path via the --model command-line argument, the function reads a module.py file from that directory and executes its contents directly using Python's exec() function. This design does not validate or sanitize the file's content, allowing an attacker who controls the input directory to execute arbitrary Python code in the context of the process running the script.

EUVD references (2)

Affected products (1)

Vendor	Product	Versions	Platforms
n/a	n/a	`n/a` (affected)	—

Vendor references (2)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

Web references (5)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

https://github.com/nebuly-ai/optimate tenable:github.com
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31217 tenable:nvd.nist.gov
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31217 tenable:www.cve.org
https://www.first.org/epss/ tenable:www.first.org
https://www.notion.so/CVE-2026-31217-35d1e13931888179ae40dea5258d2db9 tenable:www.notion.so

NVD-tagged references (2)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

https://github.com/nebuly-ai/optimate cve@mitre.org
https://www.notion.so/CVE-2026-31217-35d1e13931888179ae40dea5258d2db9 cve@mitre.org

Remediations (13)

Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

Microsoft and Adobe Patch Tuesday, March 2026 Security Update Review

web:blog.qualys.com

Microsoft has rolled out its March 2026 Patch Tuesday updates, delivering a fresh batch of security fixes designed to keep Windows environments protected from emerging threats.

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tuesday March 2026 - 78 Vulnerabilities Fixed ...

web:cybersecuritynews.com

Microsoft released its March 2026 Patch Tuesday security update on March 10, 2026 , addressing 78 vulnerabilities across Windows, Microsoft Office, Azure, SQL Server, and .NET. The update includes one actively exploited zero-day vulnerability and multiple Critical-rated flaws demanding immediate attention from security teams. The most urgent fix this month is CVE - 2026 -21262, the sole zero-day ...

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tuesday, March 2026 Edition - Krebs on Security

web:krebsonsecurity.com

Microsoft earlier provided patches to address nine browser vulnerabilities, which are not included in the Patch Tuesday count above.

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
Security Update Guide - Microsoft

web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com

The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
Microsoft Issues Second Biggest Patch Tuesday Ever in April

web:redmondmag.com

Microsoft April 2026 Patch Tuesday fixed 163 CVEs , marking its second-largest security update. Three zero-day vulnerabilities impacted SharePoint, Chromium-based Edge workflows and Microsoft Defender.

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
A guide to vulnerability remediation vs mitigation | @Bugcrowd

web:www.bugcrowd.com

Vulnerability mitigation is typically considered a temporary or interim solution. While mitigation measures can reduce the immediate risk associated with vulnerabilities, they may not provide a permanent fix . Organizations should aim to prioritize and plan for complete vulnerability remediation whenever feasible and allocate resources accordingly.

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
March 2026 Patch Tuesday: Updates and Analysis | CrowdStrike

web:www.crowdstrike.com

Microsoft's March 2026 Patch Tuesday addresses 82 CVEs , featuring eight Critical vulnerabilities.

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tuesday - March 2026 - Lansweeper

web:www.lansweeper.com

The March 2026 edition of Patch Tuesday brings us 88 fixes, with 3 rated as critical. We've listed the most important changes below. Microsoft Excel Information Disclosure Vulnerability CVE - 2026 -26144 is a critical information disclosure flaw in Microsoft Excel caused by improper input neutralization during web page generation.

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
Microsoft's March 2026 update fixes 80+ security vulnerabilities

web:www.pcworld.com

This month's Patch Tuesday brings over 80 fixes for various security vulnerabilities. Fortunately, none are actively being exploited in the wild yet.

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
Patch Tuesday - March 2026 - Rapid7

web:www.rapid7.com

Microsoft is publishing 77 vulnerabilities this Patch Tuesday, including two publicly disclosed zero-day vulnerabilities.

2026-05-23 21:46 UTC
CISA Warns of Exploited Microsoft Defender 0-Day Flaws

web:cyberpress.org

The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has added two actively exploited Microsoft Defender vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, issuing an urgent remediation directive for federal agencies with a due date of June 3, 2026 .

2026-05-26 02:53 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tuesday security updates for March 2026 fixed 84 bugs

web:securityaffairs.com

Microsoft Patch Tuesday security updates for March 2026 addressed 84 vulnerabilities across its products. The IT giant addressed flaws across Windows, Office, Edge, Azure, SQL Server, Hyper-V, and ReFS. Including third-party and Chromium updates, the total reaches 94 vulnerabilities. Eight flaws are rated Critical and the rest Important.

2026-05-26 02:53 UTC
Microsoft March 2026 Patch Tuesday fixes 2 zero-days, 79 flaws

web:www.bleepingcomputer.com

Today is Microsoft's March 2026 Patch Tuesday with security updates for 79 flaws, including 2 publicly disclosed zero-day vulnerabilities.

2026-05-26 02:53 UTC

AI Forensic Analysis

Only Available for Registered Users. Sign in to view.

Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-31217.json.

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 9.8,
              "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-31217",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-13T14:01:18.035202Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-94",
                "description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-13T14:01:54.734Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n/a",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The _load_model() function in the neural_magic_training.py script of the optimate project in commit a6d302f912b481c94370811af6b11402f51d377f (2024-07-21) allows arbitrary code execution. When a user supplies a directory path via the --model command-line argument, the function reads a module.py file from that directory and executes its contents directly using Python's exec() function. This design does not validate or sanitize the file's content, allowing an attacker who controls the input directory to execute arbitrary Python code in the context of the process running the script."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "n/a",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "text"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T15:06:42.759Z",
        "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "shortName": "mitre"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/nebuly-ai/optimate"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.notion.so/CVE-2026-31217-35d1e13931888179ae40dea5258d2db9"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-31217",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-12T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-03-09T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-13T14:01:54.734Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}