s2
--:--:--UTC

Searching APEX

Starting…

  1. ○ Searching Threats, IOCs & Threat Intelligence locally
  2. ○ Querying external providers
  3. ○ Asking AI Forensic Validator
  4. ○ Creating new entry from validated hit

0s elapsed

CVE-2023-30591

📛 CVE Title

NodeBB Pre-Authentication Denial-of-Service

⬇ Download JSON ⚠ View as Threat

Description

Denial-of-service in NodeBB <= v2.8.10 allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger a crash, when invoking `eventName.startsWith()` or `eventName.toString()`, while processing Socket.IO messages via crafted Socket.IO messages containing array or object type for the event name respectively.

Overview

State
PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA)
STAR_Labs
CVSS severity
HIGH
CVSS score
CVSS 7.5 / 10 7.5 7.5 / 10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Effective score
7.5 / 10 HIGH source: CNA overview
CWE(s)
CWE-241
Reserved
2023-04-13
Published
2023-09-29 07:06 UTC
Last updated
2024-09-23 19:39 UTC
Source
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2023/30xxx/CVE-2023-30591.json
Linked Threat
CVE-2023-30591 — NodeBB Pre-Authentication Denial-of-Service

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published
2023-09-29 06:15:09 UTC
NVD last modified
2026-06-17 05:55:05 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1
CVSS 7.5 / 10 7.5 7.5 / 10 HIGH source: info@starlabs.sg
NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Exploitability subscore
3.9 / 10
Impact subscore
3.6 / 10
EPSS score
0.5380 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
EPSS percentile
98.89% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-07-26

NVD-assigned CWE(s): CWE-241, CWE-754 (differs from the CNA list above)

NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-07-27 07:57 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID
EUVD-2023-34971
Assigner
STAR_Labs
Published
Sep 29, 2023, 5:06:43 AM
Updated
Sep 23, 2024, 5:39:24 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1)
7.5 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EUVD-reported EPSS
1.8300
Vendors
NodeBB, Inc.
Products
NodeBB (0 ≤2.8.10)
Aliases
GHSA-mp98-q49w-jjhw

ENISA description: Denial-of-service in NodeBB <= v2.8.10 allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger a crash, when invoking `eventName.startsWith()` or `eventName.toString()`, while processing Socket.IO messages via crafted Socket.IO messages containing array or object type for the event name respectively.

EUVD references (4)

Affected products (1)
VendorProductVersionsPlatforms
NodeBB, Inc. NodeBB 0 (affected) —

Affected products — CPE 2.3 (1) NVD

NVD's normalized CPE 2.3 matchers, used by vendor tools (vulnerability scanners, asset managers) for automated detection. Compare with the CNA's free-text "Affected products" section above.

  • cpe:2.3:a:nodebb:nodebb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Vendor references (4)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

MITRE references (4) cveawg.mitre.org

Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.

Web references (0)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

No web references attached yet.

NVD-tagged references (8)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

Indicators (3)

IOCs linked to the auto-promoted Threat row.

TypeValueVirusTotalAttached
domain socket.io no local data
UrlVoid 0 / 35
2026-05-18 21:20 UTC
domain eventname.startswith no local data 2026-05-18 21:20 UTC
domain eventname.tostring no local data 2026-05-18 21:20 UTC

Flagged vendors

    Remediations (22)

    Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

    • Outlook
      web:outlook.office.com

      Access your email, calendar, and contacts with Outlook.

      2026-06-12 17:26 UTC
    • WhatsApp
      web:wa.me

      Hosted by WhatsApp 2026 © WhatsApp LLC Privacy & Terms

      2026-06-12 17:26 UTC
    • fixthecourt.com
      web:fixthecourt.com

      The 2026 events are below. We've also covered the justices' 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 , 2024 and 2025 events, and prior years' events in the recent past were ...

      2026-06-12 17:26 UTC
    • Your TCL TV Can Look Even Better if You Change These Settings
      web:www.cnet.com

      A handful of simple adjustments can improve picture quality without any special tools.

      2026-06-12 17:26 UTC
    • ‎Google Gemini
      web:gemini.google.com

      Get assistance with writing, planning, learning, and more from Google AI.

      2026-06-12 17:26 UTC
    • Microsoft®Update Catalog
      web:catalog.update.microsoft.com

      Welcome to the Microsoft Update Catalog site. We want your feedback! Visit our newsgroup or send us an email to provide us with your thoughts and suggestions. To get started using the site, enter in your search terms in the Search box above or visit our FAQ for search tips. |Newsgroup|Send us your feedback Accessibilité : partiellement conforme

      2026-06-12 17:26 UTC
    • Grammarly: Free AI Writing Assistance
      web:www.grammarly.com

      Grammarly makes AI writing convenient. Work smarter with personalized AI guidance and text generation on any app or website.

      2026-06-12 17:26 UTC
    • Security Update Guide - Microsoft Security Response Center
      web:msrc.microsoft.com

      Security Update Guide - Microsoft Security Response Center

      2026-06-12 17:26 UTC
    • Microsoft Patch Tuesday - October 2025 - Lansweeper
      web:www.lansweeper.com

      The October 2025 edition of Patch Tuesday brings us 173 new fixes, with 9 rated as critical, 3 of which are actively exploited. We've listed the most important changes below. Windows Agere Modem Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability CVE -2025-24990 is an elevation of privilege vulnerability that has been actively exploited.

      2026-05-22 06:25 UTC
    • Patch Tuesday, May 2026 Edition - Krebs on Security
      web:krebsonsecurity.com

      Microsoft expects that exploitation is more likely. May's Patch Tuesday is a welcome respite from April, which saw Microsoft fix a near-record 167 security flaws.

      2026-05-22 06:25 UTC
    • Microsoft and Adobe Patch Tuesday, May 2026 Security Update Review
      web:blog.qualys.com

      May 2026's Patch Tuesday arrives with Microsoft addressing a fresh set of vulnerabilities across its ecosystem, reinforcing the ongoing need for timely patching in an increasingly threat-heavy…

      2026-05-22 06:25 UTC
    • Microsoft Patch Tuesday May 2026 - 120 Vulnerabilities Fixed, Including ...
      web:cybersecuritynews.com

      Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday lands with a heavy enterprise focus, fixing 120 vulnerabilities across Windows, Office, Azure, developer tools, and Microsoft 365 apps, including 29 remote code execution (RCE) flaws rated Critical.

      2026-05-22 06:25 UTC
    • Microsoft Rolls Out Mitigations for 'YellowKey' BitLocker ...
      web:www.securityweek.com

      Microsoft has announced mitigations for CVE -2026-45585, a BitLocker bypass triggered via FsTx in Windows Recovery.

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC
    • Microsoft Releases Mitigation for Windows BitLocker Security Bypass 0 ...
      web:cybersecuritynews.com

      No patch has been released yet; Microsoft has instead issued a multi-step manual mitigation guide while a formal security update is prepared. Windows BitLocker Security Bypass The vulnerability originates in WinRE's handling of the BootExecute registry value under HKLM\ControlSet001\Control\Session Manager.

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC
    • GitHub - fabianosrc/TermsrvPatcher: Patch termsrv.dll so that multiple ...
      web:github.com

      Patch termsrv.dll so that multiple remote users can open an RDP session on a non-Windows Server computer - fabianosrc/TermsrvPatcher

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC
    • Patch Tuesday, October 2025 'End of 10' Edition
      web:krebsonsecurity.com

      October's Patch Tuesday also marks the final month that Microsoft will ship security updates for Windows 10 systems.

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC
    • Security Update Guide - Loading - Microsoft
      web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com

      The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC
    • Patch Tuesday Vulnerability Insights - Action1
      web:www.action1.com

      This Patch Tuesday brings 55 vulnerability fixes from Microsoft, including six zero-days. Third-party overview includes actively exploited vulnerabilities in web browsers, Cisco, Fortinet, ServiceNow, Palo Alto, SAP, WordPress, Adobe, Oracle, and many more.

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC
    • February's Patch Tuesday release fixes 59 flaws ... - Computerworld
      web:www.computerworld.com

      Each month, the team at Readiness analyzes the latest Patch Tuesday updates from Microsoft and provides detailed, actionable testing guidance. The company's Patch Tuesday release for February ...

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC
    • CVE: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
      web:www.cve.org

      At cve .org, we provide the authoritative reference method for publicly known information-security vulnerabilities and exposures

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC
    • Microsoft Patch Tuesday - November 2025 - Lansweeper
      web:www.lansweeper.com

      Which vulnerabilities, issues, and other things did Microsoft update? Discover what's new using Lansweeper's Patch Tuesday November 2025 summary.

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC
    • Update Software, Mitigation M1051 - Enterprise | MITRE ATT&CK®
      web:attack.mitre.org

      This mitigation can be implemented through the following measures: Regular Operating System Updates Implementation: Apply the latest Windows security updates monthly using WSUS (Windows Server Update Services) or a similar patch management solution. Configure systems to check for updates automatically and schedule reboots during maintenance ...

      2026-05-22 03:55 UTC

    AI Forensic Analysis

    Only Available for Registered Users. Sign in to view.

    Raw JSON

    The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2023-30591.json.

    {
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T14:28:51.967Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "third-party-advisory",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://starlabs.sg/advisories/23/23-30591/"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "patch",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/NodeBB/NodeBB/commit/37b48b82a4bc7680c6e4c42647209010cb239c2c"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "patch",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/NodeBB/NodeBB/commit/830f142b7aea2e597294a84d52c05aab3a3539ca"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "patch",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/NodeBB/NodeBB/commit/4d2d76897a02e7068ab74c81d17a2febfae8bfb9"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-30591",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2024-09-23T17:39:16.741411Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-09-23T17:39:24.175Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "NodeBB",
          "repo": "https://github.com/NodeBB/NodeBB",
          "vendor": "NodeBB, Inc.",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "2.8.10",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "user": "00000000-0000-4000-9000-000000000000",
          "value": "Ngo Wei Lin (@Creastery) of STAR Labs SG Pte. Ltd. (@starlabs_sg)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Denial-of-service in NodeBB &lt;= v2.8.10 allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger a crash, when invoking `eventName.startsWith()` or `eventName.toString()`, while processing Socket.IO messages via crafted Socket.IO messages containing array or object type for the event name respectively."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Denial-of-service in NodeBB <= v2.8.10 allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger a crash, when invoking `eventName.startsWith()` or `eventName.toString()`, while processing Socket.IO messages via crafted Socket.IO messages containing array or object type for the event name respectively."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-241",
              "description": "CWE-241: Improper Handling of Unexpected Data Type",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2023-09-29T05:06:43.923Z",
        "orgId": "b1571b85-cbc9-431f-830b-0c8155323a69",
        "shortName": "STAR_Labs"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://starlabs.sg/advisories/23/23-30591/"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/NodeBB/NodeBB/commit/37b48b82a4bc7680c6e4c42647209010cb239c2c"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/NodeBB/NodeBB/commit/830f142b7aea2e597294a84d52c05aab3a3539ca"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/NodeBB/NodeBB/commit/4d2d76897a02e7068ab74c81d17a2febfae8bfb9"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "NodeBB Pre-Authentication Denial-of-Service",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "b1571b85-cbc9-431f-830b-0c8155323a69",
    "assignerShortName": "STAR_Labs",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-30591",
    "datePublished": "2023-09-29T05:06:43.923Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-04-13T04:12:59.954Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-09-23T17:39:24.175Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}