CVE-2026-41071
📛 CVE Title
libheif: Heap buffer over-read in SampleAuxInfoReader via crafted HEIF sequence file with mismatched saiz sample count
Description
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. In versions 1.21.2 and prior, a crafted HEIF sequence file where the saiz box declares more samples than actually exist in the track's chunk table causes a heap-buffer-overflow (out-of-bounds read) in the SampleAuxInfoReader constructor. The SampleAuxInfoReader constructor iterates over saiz->get_num_samples() samples but doesn't validate that this count is consistent with the number of chunks in the chunks vector. When saiz declares more samples than the chunks cover, the loop increments current_chunk past chunks.size(), causing an out-of-bounds read on the chunks vector. The vulnerability is triggered during file parsing (heif_context_read_from_file) without any additional user interaction. Any application using libheif to open untrusted HEIF files is affected. This issue has been fixed in version 1.22.0.
Overview
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Assigner (CNA)
- GitHub_M
- CVSS severity
- MEDIUM
- CVSS score
- 5.1 / 10
- CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N- Effective score
- 5.1 / 10 MEDIUM source: CNA overview
- CWE(s)
-
CWE-125 - Reserved
- 2026-04-16
- Published
- 2026-05-22 20:59 UTC
- Last updated
- 2026-05-22 20:59 UTC
- Source
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/41xxx/CVE-2026-41071.json
- Linked Threat
- CVE-2026-41071 — CVE-2026-41071
NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0
Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.
- EPSS score
- 0.0004 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
- EPSS percentile
- 10.79% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-24
NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-05-25 00:22 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.
European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD
ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.
- EUVD ID
-
EUVD-2026-31501 - Assigner
- GitHub_M
- Published
- May 22, 2026, 8:59:09 PM
- Updated
- May 27, 2026, 1:25:06 PM
- EUVD base score (CVSS 4.0)
-
5.1 / 10
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - EUVD-reported EPSS
- 0.0400
- Vendors
- strukturag
- Products
-
libheif (< 1.22.0)
ENISA description: libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. In versions 1.21.2 and prior, a crafted HEIF sequence file where the saiz box declares more samples than actually exist in the track's chunk table causes a heap-buffer-overflow (out-of-bounds read) in the SampleAuxInfoReader constructor. The SampleAuxInfoReader constructor iterates over saiz->get_num_samples() samples but doesn't validate that this count is consistent with the number of chunks in the chunks vector. When saiz declares more samples than the chunks cover, the loop increments current_chunk past chunks.size(), causing an out-of-bounds read on the chunks vector. The vulnerability is triggered during file parsing (heif_context_read_from_file) without any additional user interaction. Any application using libheif to open untrusted HEIF files is affected. This issue has been fixed in version 1.22.0.
Affected products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Versions | Platforms |
|---|---|---|---|
| strukturag | libheif |
< 1.22.0 (affected)
|
— |
Vendor references (2)
References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.
- https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-xj92-xjff-h8w3 x_refsource_CONFIRM
- https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.22.0 x_refsource_MISC
Web references (5)
DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.
- https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.22.0 tenable:github.com
- https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-xj92-xjff-h8w3 tenable:github.com
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41071 tenable:nvd.nist.gov
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-41071 tenable:www.cve.org
- https://www.first.org/epss/ tenable:www.first.org
Remediations (18)
Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.
-
web:4sysops.com
Starting in April 2026 , Windows updates will change the default Kerberos ticket issuance behavior to AES-SHA1 for accounts without explicit encryption settings, while RC4 can still be used where explicitly enabled. This change, driven by CVE - 2026 -20833, affects every Windows Server environment where service accounts or devices still rely on RC4. Any service account, NAS device, or legacy ...
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:cyberpress.org
The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has added two actively exploited Microsoft Defender vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, issuing an urgent remediation directive for federal agencies with a due date of June 3, 2026 .
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:cybersecuritynews.com
The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has added two critical Microsoft Defender vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, warning organizations of active exploitation risks. The flaws, tracked as CVE - 2026 -45498 and CVE - 2026 -41091, impact Microsoft Defender and could allow attackers to disrupt systems or escalate privileges. Both ...
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:nvd.nist.gov
An official website of the United States government NVD MENU
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:thecyberexpress.com
Microsoft confirms active exploitation of CVE - 2026 -41091 and CVE - 2026 -45498 in Defender, with CVSS-rated risks, KEV listing, and urgent patches issued.
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:thehackernews.com
Microsoft has disclosed that a privilege escalation and a denial-of-service flaw in Defender has come under active exploitation in the wild. The former, tracked as CVE - 2026 -41091, is rated 7.8 on the CVSS scoring system. Successful exploitation of the flaw could allow an attacker to gain SYSTEM privileges. "Improper link resolution before file access ('link following') in Microsoft Defender ...
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:windowsreport.com
Microsoft patched two actively exploited Defender zero-days affecting Windows systems and security components.
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:www.helpnetsecurity.com
Attackers are actively exploiting two Microsoft Defender vulnerabilities ( CVE - 2026 -41091 and CVE - 2026 -45498), Microsoft acknowledged.
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:www.microsoft.com
Security Update Guide Notifications Microsoft's free Security Update Guide Notifications provide links to security-related software updates and notification of re-released security updates. These notifications are sent via email throughout the month as needed.
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:www.techradar.com
Microsoft patches two actively exploited zero‑day flaws in Defender, tracked as CVE‑2026‑41091 (privilege escalation) and CVE‑2026‑45498 (denial of service) Updates were shipped ...
2026-05-26 03:10 UTC -
web:msrc.microsoft.com
Security Update Guide - Microsoft Security Response Center
2026-06-19 02:25 UTC -
web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com
The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.
2026-06-19 02:25 UTC -
web:redmondmag.com
Microsoft June Patch Tuesday fixed 198 CVEs , including four urgent zero-day vulnerabilities. CVE - 2026 -41091 poses highest risk, with Microsoft Defender privilege escalation actively exploited.
2026-06-19 02:25 UTC -
web:tech.yahoo.com
Microsoft has confirmed an emergency security update as CISA warns that two new Defender zero-days are being exploited by attackers.
2026-06-19 02:25 UTC -
web:www.computerworld.com
Microsoft says it is considering a patch for a zero-day vulnerability, dubbed YellowKey, that allows attackers with access to a Windows device to bypass Bitlocker encryption protection and read ...
2026-06-19 02:25 UTC -
web:www.crowdstrike.com
Microsoft has released security updates for 130 vulnerabilities, including 30 critical, in its May 2026 Patch Tuesday rollout.
2026-06-19 02:25 UTC -
web:www.rapid7.com
Microsoft is publishing 200 vulnerabilities on June 2026 Patch Tuesday, including an HTTP/2 denial of service vulnerability and an elevation of privilege vulnerability in PowerToys.
2026-06-19 02:25 UTC -
web:zecurit.com
Get the complete breakdown of Microsoft's June 2026 Patch Tuesday. We analyze the latest security updates and all critical CVEs .
2026-06-19 02:25 UTC
AI Forensic Analysis
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Raw JSON
The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-41071.json.
{
"containers": {
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "libheif",
"vendor": "strukturag",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "< 1.22.0"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. In versions 1.21.2 and prior, a crafted HEIF sequence file where the saiz box declares more samples than actually exist in the track's chunk table causes a heap-buffer-overflow (out-of-bounds read) in the SampleAuxInfoReader constructor. The SampleAuxInfoReader constructor iterates over saiz->get_num_samples() samples but doesn't validate that this count is consistent with the number of chunks in the chunks vector. When saiz declares more samples than the chunks cover, the loop increments current_chunk past chunks.size(), causing an out-of-bounds read on the chunks vector. The vulnerability is triggered during file parsing (heif_context_read_from_file) without any additional user interaction. Any application using libheif to open untrusted HEIF files is affected. This issue has been fixed in version 1.22.0."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 5.1,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-125",
"description": "CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-22T20:59:09.822Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-xj92-xjff-h8w3",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-xj92-xjff-h8w3"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.22.0",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.22.0"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-xj92-xjff-h8w3",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "libheif: Heap buffer over-read in SampleAuxInfoReader via crafted HEIF sequence file with mismatched saiz sample count"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-41071",
"datePublished": "2026-05-22T20:59:09.822Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-16T16:43:03.174Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-22T20:59:09.822Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}