CVE-2025-8154

Description

In Webhook API invocations, the component accepts user-supplied input for HTTP request headers without sufficient validation or sanitization, allowing these headers to be injected into HTTP responses. By exploiting this vulnerability, a malicious actor can inject or overwrite arbitrary HTTP response headers. This can lead to various adverse effects, including the manipulation of browser caching, alteration of security-related headers, and the injection of sensitive information such as cookie values, potentially enabling session hijacking or other malicious activities.

Overview

State: PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA): WSO2
CVSS severity: MEDIUM
CVSS score: 5.3 / 10
CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Effective score: 5.3 / 10 MEDIUM source: CNA overview
CWE(s): CWE-74
Reserved: 2025-07-25
Published: 2026-05-11 11:30 UTC
Last updated: 2026-05-11 14:43 UTC
Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2025/8xxx/CVE-2025-8154.json
Linked Threat: CVE-2025-8154 — CVE-2025-8154

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published: 2026-05-11 10:16:12 UTC
NVD last modified: 2026-05-13 15:25:04 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1: 5.3 / 10 MEDIUM source: ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8
NVD CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Exploitability subscore: 3.9 / 10
Impact subscore: 1.4 / 10
EPSS score: 0.0005 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
EPSS percentile: 16.78% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-25

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID: EUVD-2025-209758
Assigner: WSO2
Published: May 11, 2026, 9:30:36 AM
Updated: May 11, 2026, 12:43:47 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1): 5.3 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
EUVD-reported EPSS: 0.0600
Vendors: WSO2
Products: WSO2 Carbon API Gateway (9.20.74 <9.20.74.374)

WSO2 API Manager

WSO2 Carbon API Gateway (9.30.67 <9.30.67.104)

WSO2 Carbon API Gateway (9.29.120 <9.29.120.181)

WSO2 API Manager (4.2.0 <4.2.0.164)

WSO2 API Control Plane (4.5.0 <4.5.0.21)

WSO2 Carbon API Gateway (9.28.116 <9.28.116.363)

WSO2 Universal Gateway (4.5.0 <4.5.0.19)

WSO2 Carbon API Management Implementation

WSO2 API Manager (4.5.0 <4.5.0.20)

WSO2 Carbon API Management Implementation (9.28.116 <9.28.116.363)

WSO2 Carbon API Management Implementation (9.29.120 <9.29.120.181)

WSO2 Carbon API Gateway

WSO2 Carbon API Management Implementation (9.30.67 <9.30.67.104)

WSO2 Carbon API Management Implementation (9.20.74 <9.20.74.374)

WSO2 API Manager (4.1.0 <4.1.0.218)

WSO2 Carbon API Gateway (9.31.86 <9.31.86.64)

WSO2 Carbon API Management Implementation (9.31.86 <9.31.86.64)

WSO2 API Manager (4.3.0 <4.3.0.74)

WSO2 Traffic Manager (4.5.0 <4.5.0.19)

WSO2 API Manager (4.4.0 <4.4.0.38)

ENISA description: In Webhook API invocations, the component accepts user-supplied input for HTTP request headers without sufficient validation or sanitization, allowing these headers to be injected into HTTP responses. By exploiting this vulnerability, a malicious actor can inject or overwrite arbitrary HTTP response headers. This can lead to various adverse effects, including the manipulation of browser caching, alteration of security-related headers, and the injection of sensitive information such as cookie values, potentially enabling session hijacking or other malicious activities.

EUVD references (1)

https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4410/

Affected products (6)

Vendor	Product	Versions	Platforms
WSO2	WSO2 API Manager	`0` (unknown), `4.1.0` (affected), `4.2.0` (affected), `4.3.0` (affected), `4.4.0` (affected), `4.5.0` (affected)	—
WSO2	WSO2 Universal Gateway	`4.5.0` (affected)	—
WSO2	WSO2 Traffic Manager	`4.5.0` (affected)	—
WSO2	WSO2 API Control Plane	`4.5.0` (affected)	—
WSO2	WSO2 Carbon API Gateway	`9.20.74` (affected), `9.28.116` (affected), `9.29.120` (affected), `9.30.67` (affected), `9.31.86` (affected), `9.32.2` (unaffected)	—
WSO2	WSO2 Carbon API Management Implementation	`9.20.74` (affected), `9.28.116` (affected), `9.29.120` (affected), `9.30.67` (affected), `9.31.86` (affected), `9.32.2` (unaffected)	—

Vendor references (1)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4410/ vendor-advisory

MITRE references (1) cveawg.mitre.org

Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.

https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4410/ vendor-advisory

Web references (3)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8154 tenable:nvd.nist.gov
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-8154 tenable:www.cve.org
https://www.first.org/epss/ tenable:www.first.org

NVD-tagged references (1)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4410/ ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8

Remediations (13)

Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

Microsoft September 2025 Patch Tuesday - 81 Vulnerabilities ... - GBHackers

web:gbhackers.com

Microsoft has released its September 2025 Patch Tuesday update, addressing a total of 81 security vulnerabilities across its product portfolio.

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tuesday, September 2025 Edition - Krebs on Security

web:krebsonsecurity.com

Microsoft Corp. today issued security updates to fix more than 80 vulnerabilities in its Windows operating systems and software. There are no known "zero-day" or actively exploited vulnerabilities ...

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
Security Update Guide - Microsoft

web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com

The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
SecuriTricks - CVE-2025-8154 - 5.3/10

web:securitricks.com

CVE CVE-2025-8154 - Score : 5.3 - Source : ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8 - Description : In Webhook API invocations, the component accepts user-supplied input for HTTP request headers without sufficient validation or sanitization, allowing these headers to be injected into HTTP responses. By exploiting this vulnerability, a malicious actor can inject or overwrite arbitrary HTTP response ...

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
CVE-2025-8154 - vulmon.com

web:vulmon.com

CVE-2025-8154 - HTTP Response Header Injection in Webhook API Invocations via Unvalidated Input

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
Windows Server emergency patches fix WSUS bug with PoC exploit

web:www.bleepingcomputer.com

Microsoft has released out-of-band (OOB) security updates to patch a critical-severity Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) vulnerability with publicly available proof-of-concept exploit code.

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
Microsoft Releases Out-of-Band Security Update to Mitigate ... - CISA

web:www.cisa.gov

Updated October 29, 2025 : CISA has updated this Alert to include revised information on vulnerable product identification, potential threat activity detections, and additional resources. Microsoft released an update to address a critical remote code execution vulnerability impacting Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) in Windows Server (2012, 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025 ), CVE - 2025 -59287

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
February's Patch Tuesday release fixes 59 flaws ... - Computerworld

web:www.computerworld.com

Each month, the team at Readiness analyzes the latest Patch Tuesday updates from Microsoft and provides detailed, actionable testing guidance. The company's Patch Tuesday release for February ...

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
Patch Tuesday Archives - Lansweeper

web:www.lansweeper.com

Patch Tuesday Microsoft report by Lansweeper. get an overview from all the Microsoft Patch Tuesday 's and fix the vulnerabilities.

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
KB5087054 - Details, Issues, & Feedback - NinjaOne

web:www.ninjaone.com

This patch represents Microsoft's commitment to maintaining the security posture of the .NET Framework ecosystem by addressing critical elevation of privilege vulnerabilities that could potentially allow unauthorized users to gain higher-level system access.

2026-05-23 21:02 UTC
Microsoft Technical Security Notifications

web:www.microsoft.com

Security Update Guide Notifications Microsoft's free Security Update Guide Notifications provide links to security-related software updates and notification of re-released security updates. These notifications are sent via email throughout the month as needed.

2026-06-03 22:32 UTC
Patch Tuesday - October 2025 - Rapid7

web:www.rapid7.com

Microsoft has published 172 new vulnerabilities, including six zero-day vulnerabilities. Windows 10 moves past the end of support, sort of. Critical RCE in Windows Server Update Service.

2026-06-03 22:32 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tuesday - September 2025 - Rapid7

web:www.rapid7.com

Microsoft is addressing 176 vulnerabilities this September 2025 Patch Tuesday, which is a lot. This includes a zero-day denial of service vulnerability in SQL Server.

2026-06-03 22:32 UTC

AI Forensic Analysis

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Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2025-8154.json.

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              "value": "<span style=\"background-color: transparent;\">Follow the instructions given on </span><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4410/#solution\"><span style=\"background-color: transparent;\">https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4410/#solution</span></a> <br>"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Follow the instructions given on  https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4410/#solution https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4410/#solution"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "WSO2-2025-4410",
        "discovery": "INTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "HTTP Header Injection via Webhook API in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Response Header Manipulation",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8",
    "assignerShortName": "WSO2",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-8154",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-11T09:30:36.027Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-25T06:42:23.104Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T12:43:47.037Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}