CVE-2026-31236
📛 CVE Title
CVE-2026-31236
Description
The llm CLI tool thru 0.27.1 contains a critical code injection vulnerability via its --functions command-line argument. This argument is intended to allow users to provide custom Python function definitions. However, the tool directly executes the provided code using the unsafe exec() function without any sanitization, sandboxing, or security restrictions. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious llm command with arbitrary Python code in the --functions argument and using social engineering to trick a victim into running it. This leads to arbitrary code execution on the victim's system, potentially granting the attacker full control.
Overview
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Assigner (CNA)
- mitre
- CVSS severity
- critical
- CVSS score
- 9.8 / 10
- CVSS vector
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H- Effective score
- 9.8 / 10 CRITICAL source: CNA overview
- CWE(s)
- —
- Reserved
- 2026-03-09
- Published
- 2026-05-12 00:00 UTC
- Last updated
- 2026-05-14 19:54 UTC
- Source
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/31xxx/CVE-2026-31236.json
- Linked Threat
- CVE-2026-31236 — CVE-2026-31236
NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0
Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.
- NVD published
- 2026-05-12 18:16:51 UTC
- NVD last modified
- 2026-05-14 20:17:03 UTC
- NVD CVSS v3.1
- 9.8 / 10 CRITICAL source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
- NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H- Exploitability subscore
- 3.9 / 10
- Impact subscore
- 5.9 / 10
- EPSS score
- 0.0010 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
- EPSS percentile
- 27.54% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-24
NVD-assigned CWE(s):
CWE-94
(differs from the CNA list above)
NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-05-25 03:34 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.
European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD
ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.
- EUVD ID
-
EUVD-2026-29559 - Assigner
- mitre
- Published
- May 12, 2026, 12:00:00 AM
- Updated
- May 14, 2026, 7:54:26 PM
- EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1)
-
9.8 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - EUVD-reported EPSS
- 0.1000
- Vendors
- n/a
- Products
-
n/a (n/a)
ENISA description: The llm CLI tool thru 0.27.1 contains a critical code injection vulnerability via its --functions command-line argument. This argument is intended to allow users to provide custom Python function definitions. However, the tool directly executes the provided code using the unsafe exec() function without any sanitization, sandboxing, or security restrictions. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious llm command with arbitrary Python code in the --functions argument and using social engineering to trick a victim into running it. This leads to arbitrary code execution on the victim's system, potentially granting the attacker full control.
Affected products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Versions | Platforms |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | n/a |
n/a (affected)
|
— |
Vendor references (2)
References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.
Web references (5)
DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.
- https://github.com/simonw/llm tenable:github.com
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31236 tenable:nvd.nist.gov
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31236 tenable:www.cve.org
- https://www.first.org/epss/ tenable:www.first.org
- https://www.notion.so/CVE-2026-31236-35d1e139318881a4a0f1fffcf671f7e3 tenable:www.notion.so
NVD-tagged references (2)
Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.
- https://github.com/simonw/llm cve@mitre.org
- https://www.notion.so/CVE-2026-31236-35d1e139318881a4a0f1fffcf671f7e3 cve@mitre.org
Remediations (16)
Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.
-
web:cybersecuritynews.com
Microsoft released its March 2026 Patch Tuesday security update on March 10, 2026 , addressing 78 vulnerabilities across Windows, Microsoft Office, Azure, SQL Server, and .NET. The update includes one actively exploited zero-day vulnerability and multiple Critical-rated flaws demanding immediate attention from security teams. The most urgent fix this month is CVE - 2026 -21262, the sole zero-day ...
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com
The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:thecyberexpress.com
Cisco has released security updates to fix a critical vulnerability, tracked as CVE - 2026 -20223, affecting its Cisco Secure Workload platform. The flaw, which received the maximum CVSS score of 10.0, could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to access sensitive information and make unauthorized configuration changes through vulnerable REST ...
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:www.cisecurity.org
<p>Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Microsoft products, the most severe of which could allow for remote code execution. Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could result in an attacker gaining the same privileges as the logged-on user. Depending on the privileges associated with the user, an attacker could then install programs; view, change, or ...
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:www.oracle.com
This Critical Patch Update contains 481 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at April 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:www.pcworld.com
This month's Patch Tuesday brings over 80 fixes for various security vulnerabilities. Fortunately, none are actively being exploited in the wild yet.
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:www.rapid7.com
Microsoft is publishing 77 vulnerabilities this Patch Tuesday, including two publicly disclosed zero-day vulnerabilities.
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:www.techrepublic.com
Microsoft's March Patch Tuesday fixes 78 vulnerabilities, including Office preview pane flaws, an Excel Copilot data leak risk, and an AI-discovered 9.8 severity bug.
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:www.windowslatest.com
Windows 11 April 2026 update adds Narrator Copilot support, faster Settings, File Explorer fixes, and key security improvements.
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:zecurit.com
Get the complete breakdown of Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. We analyze the latest security updates and all critical CVEs .
2026-05-23 21:46 UTC -
web:blog.qualys.com
With Qualys Policy Audit's out-of-the-box mitigation or Compensatory Controls, which reduce the risk of a vulnerability being exploited because the remediation ( fix / patch ) cannot be done immediately, these security controls are not recommended by any industry standards, such as CIS and DISA-STIG.
2026-05-26 02:51 UTC -
web:community.ui.com
Published: May 21, 2026 Updated: May 22, 2026 Version: 1.1 Revision: 1.1 Summary 1 of 5 A malicious actor with access to the network and high privileges could exploit an Improper Input Validation vulnerability found in UniFi OS devices to execute a Command Injection. Affected Products: UniFi OS Server (Version 5.0.6 and earlier) Mitigation : Update your UniFi OS Server to Version 5.0.8 or later ...
2026-05-26 02:51 UTC -
web:msrc.microsoft.com
The Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) investigates all reports of security vulnerabilities affecting Microsoft products and services, and provides the information here as part of the ongoing effort to help you manage security risks and help keep your systems protected.
2026-05-26 02:51 UTC -
web:www.bleepingcomputer.com
Today is Microsoft's April 2026 Patch Tuesday with security updates for 167 flaws, including 2 zero-day vulnerabilities.
2026-05-26 02:51 UTC -
web:www.cisecurity.org
<p>Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Microsoft products, the most severe of which could allow for remote code execution. Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could result in an attacker gaining the same privileges as the logged-on user. Depending on the privileges associated with the user, an attacker could then install programs; view, change, or ...
2026-05-26 02:51 UTC -
web:www.crowdstrike.com
Microsoft has released security updates for 130 vulnerabilities, including 30 critical, in its May 2026 Patch Tuesday rollout.
2026-05-26 02:51 UTC
AI Forensic Analysis
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Raw JSON
The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-31236.json.
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