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CVE-2025-55131

📛 CVE Title

CVE-2025-55131

⬇ Download JSON ⚠ View as Threat

Description

A flaw in Node.js's buffer allocation logic can expose uninitialized memory when allocations are interrupted, when using the `vm` module with the timeout option. Under specific timing conditions, buffers allocated with `Buffer.alloc` and other `TypedArray` instances like `Uint8Array` may contain leftover data from previous operations, allowing in-process secrets like tokens or passwords to leak or causing data corruption. While exploitation typically requires precise timing or in-process code execution, it can become remotely exploitable when untrusted input influences workload and timeouts, leading to potential confidentiality and integrity impact.

Overview

State
PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA)
hackerone
CVSS severity
HIGH
CVSS score
CVSS 7.1 / 10 7.1 7.1 / 10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
Effective score
7.1 / 10 HIGH source: CNA overview
CWE(s)
—
Reserved
2025-08-07
Published
2026-01-20 21:41 UTC
Last updated
2026-02-27 16:11 UTC
Source
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2025/55xxx/CVE-2025-55131.json
Linked Threat
CVE-2025-55131 — CVE-2025-55131

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published
2026-01-20 21:16:03 UTC
NVD last modified
2026-07-15 02:17:28 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1
CVSS 7.1 / 10 7.1 7.1 / 10 HIGH source: 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c
NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
Exploitability subscore
1.6 / 10
Impact subscore
5.5 / 10
EPSS score
0.0326 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
EPSS percentile
87.16% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-08-06

NVD-assigned CWE(s): CWE-120, CWE-497 (differs from the CNA list above)

NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-08-06 23:01 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID
EUVD-2026-3331
Assigner
hackerone
Published
Jan 20, 2026, 8:41:55 PM
Updated
Feb 27, 2026, 3:11:22 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.0)
7.1 / 10
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
EUVD-reported EPSS
0.0400
Vendors
nodejs
Products
Node (25.2.1 ≤25.2.1)
Node (18.0 <18.*)
Node (24.12.0 ≤24.12.0)
Node (14.0 <14.*)
Node (14.0 <14.*)
Node (4.0 <4.*)
Node (16.0 <16.*)
Node (22.21.1 ≤22.21.1)
Node (10.0 <10.*)
Node (11.0 <11.*)
Node (20.19.6 ≤20.19.6)
Node (6.0 <6.*)
Node (4.0 <4.*)
Node (9.0 <9.*)
Node (16.0 <16.*)
Node (15.0 <15.*)
Node (5.0 <5.*)
Node (8.0 <8.*)
Node (9.0 <9.*)
Node (5.0 <5.*)
Node (15.0 <15.*)
Node (22.21.1 ≤22.21.1)
Node (17.0 <17.*)
Node (12.0 <12.*)
Node (24.12.0 ≤24.12.0)
Node (17.0 <17.*)
Node (7.0 <7.*)
Node (8.0 <8.*)
Node (18.0 <18.*)
Node (13.0 <13.*)
Node (7.0 <7.*)
Node (6.0 <6.*)
Node (25.2.1 ≤25.2.1)
Node (10.0 <10.*)
Node (12.0 <12.*)
Node (20.19.6 ≤20.19.6)
Node (13.0 <13.*)
Node (11.0 <11.*)
Aliases
GHSA-9jwr-p39p-hwg2

ENISA description: A flaw in Node.js's buffer allocation logic can expose uninitialized memory when allocations are interrupted, when using the `vm` module with the timeout option. Under specific timing conditions, buffers allocated with `Buffer.alloc` and other `TypedArray` instances like `Uint8Array` may contain leftover data from previous operations, allowing in-process secrets like tokens or passwords to leak or causing data corruption. While exploitation typically requires precise timing or in-process code execution, it can become remotely exploitable when untrusted input influences workload and timeouts, leading to potential confidentiality and integrity impact.

EUVD references (1)

Affected products (1)
VendorProductVersionsPlatforms
nodejs node 20.19.6 (affected), 22.21.1 (affected), 24.12.0 (affected), 25.2.1 (affected), 4.0 (affected), 5.0 (affected), 6.0 (affected), 7.0 (affected), 8.0 (affected), 9.0 (affected), 10.0 (affected), 11.0 (affected), 12.0 (affected), 13.0 (affected), 14.0 (affected), 15.0 (affected), 16.0 (affected), 17.0 (affected), 18.0 (affected) —

Vendor references (1)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

Web references (14)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

NVD-tagged references (20)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

Indicators (2)

IOCs linked to the auto-promoted Threat row.

TypeValueVirusTotalAttached
domain node.js no local data 2026-05-18 21:18 UTC
domain buffer.alloc no local data 2026-05-18 21:18 UTC

Flagged vendors

    Remediations (15)

    Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

    • Windows Server emergency patches fix WSUS bug with PoC exploit
      web:www.bleepingcomputer.com

      Microsoft has released out-of-band (OOB) security updates to patch a critical-severity Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) vulnerability with publicly available proof-of-concept exploit code.

      2026-05-22 14:35 UTC
    • Microsoft Releases Out-of-Band Security Update to Mitigate ... - CISA
      web:www.cisa.gov

      Updated October 29, 2025 : CISA has updated this Alert to include revised information on vulnerable product identification, potential threat activity detections, and additional resources. Microsoft released an update to address a critical remote code execution vulnerability impacting Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) in Windows Server (2012, 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025 ), CVE - 2025 -59287

      2026-05-22 14:35 UTC
    • February's Patch Tuesday release fixes 59 flaws ... - Computerworld
      web:www.computerworld.com

      Each month, the team at Readiness analyzes the latest Patch Tuesday updates from Microsoft and provides detailed, actionable testing guidance. The company's Patch Tuesday release for February ...

      2026-05-22 14:35 UTC
    • August 2025 Patch Tuesday: Updates and Analysis | CrowdStrike
      web:www.crowdstrike.com

      Microsoft has released security updates for 107 vulnerabilities, including one publicly disclosed zero-day and 13 critical, in its August 2025 Patch Tuesday rollout.

      2026-05-22 14:35 UTC
    • Patch Tuesday | Breakdown & Updates - Ivanti
      web:www.ivanti.com

      Microsoft Patch Tuesday serves to keep software systems up to date, and Microsoft tends to have more patch updates in even months than in odd months as a general trend. What Is Patching in Windows? Patches, or fixes, serve to address system vulnerabilities after software has been released.

      2026-05-22 14:35 UTC
    • Microsoft Patch Tuesday - August 2025 - Lansweeper
      web:www.lansweeper.com

      Which vulnerabilities, issues, and other things did Microsoft update? Discover what's new using Lansweeper's Patch Tuesday August 2025 summary.

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC
    • Microsoft KB Catalog: Updates, Issues, & Feedback - NinjaOne
      web:www.ninjaone.com

      Catalog of Microsoft KB updates with insights on performance & user sentiment. Find out what's working, what's not, & make informed decisions.

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC
    • Rapid7 Vulnerability Database
      web:www.rapid7.com

      A flaw in Node.js's buffer allocation logic can expose uninitialized memory when allocations are interrupted, when using the `vm` module with the timeout option. Under specific timing conditions, buffers allocated with `Buffer.alloc` and other `TypedArray` instances like `Uint8Array` may contain leftover data from previous operations, allowing in-process secrets like tokens or passwords to ...

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC
    • Microsoft Patches 86 Vulnerabilities - SecurityWeek
      web:www.securityweek.com

      Microsoft has released patches for dozens of flaws in Windows and other products, including ones with a 'likely exploitation' rating.

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC
    • Microsoft and Adobe Patch Tuesday, September 2025 Security Update ...
      web:blog.qualys.com

      EVALUATE Vendor-Suggested Mitigation with Policy Audit With Qualys Policy Audit's Out-of-the-Box Mitigation or Compensatory Controls, reduce the risk of a vulnerability being exploited because the remediation ( fix / patch ) cannot be done now; these security controls are not recommended by any industry standards, such as CIS, DISA-STIG.

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC
    • Patch Tuesday 2025 Year In Review | Tenable®
      web:www.tenable.com

      Key takeaways: Microsoft's 2025 Patch Tuesday releases addressed 1,130 CVEs . This is the second year in a row where the CVE count was over 1,000. Elevation of Privilege vulnerabilities accounted for 38.3% of all Patch Tuesday vulnerabilities in 2025 , followed by Remote Code Execution flaws at 30.8%. 41 zero-day vulnerabilities were addressed across all Patch Tuesday releases in 2025 , including ...

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC
    • Microsoft August 2025 Patch Tuesday - SANS ISC
      web:isc.sans.edu

      Users should prioritize patching these vulnerabilities to prevent unauthorized code execution. Additionally, the Windows Kerberos Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability ( CVE - 2025 -53779), a disclosed zero-day, requires high privileges to exploit but could lead to domain administrator access, necessitating careful monitoring and mitigation .

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC
    • Microsoft Patch Tuesday, September 2025 Edition - Krebs on Security
      web:krebsonsecurity.com

      Microsoft Corp. today issued security updates to fix more than 80 vulnerabilities in its Windows operating systems and software. There are no known "zero-day" or actively exploited vulnerabilities ...

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC
    • Security Update Guide - Loading - Microsoft
      web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com

      The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC
    • Microsoft confirms patching issues in restricted Windows networks
      web:www.bleepingcomputer.com

      Microsoft says customers in restricted network environments may encounter Windows Update failures after installing the January 2026 optional non-security preview updates.

      2026-05-22 04:24 UTC

    AI Forensic Analysis

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    Raw JSON

    The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2025-55131.json.

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