CVE-2026-45253
📛 CVE Title
Missing validation in ptrace(PT_SC_REMOTE)
Description
ptrace(PT_SC_REMOTE) failed to properly validate parameters for the syscall(2) and __syscall(2) meta-system calls. As a result, a user with the ability to debug a process may trigger arbitrary code execution in the kernel, even if the target process has no special privileges. The missing validation allows an unprivileged local user to escalate privileges, potentially gaining full control of the affected system.
Overview
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Assigner (CNA)
- freebsd
- CVSS severity
- high
- CVSS score
- 8.4 / 10
- CVSS vector
AV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C- Effective score
- 8.4 / 10 HIGH source: CNA overview
- CWE(s)
-
CWE-787 - Reserved
- 2026-05-11
- Published
- 2026-05-21 09:17 UTC
- Last updated
- 2026-05-21 09:17 UTC
- Source
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/45xxx/CVE-2026-45253.json
- Linked Threat
- CVE-2026-45253 — CVE-2026-45253
NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0
Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.
- NVD published
- 2026-05-21 10:16:26 UTC
- NVD last modified
- 2026-05-21 19:01:01 UTC
- NVD CVSS v3.1
- 8.4 / 10 HIGH source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
- NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H- Exploitability subscore
- 2.5 / 10
- Impact subscore
- 5.9 / 10
- EPSS score
- 0.0001 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
- EPSS percentile
- 0.31% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-24
NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-05-25 00:28 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.
European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD
ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.
- EUVD ID
-
EUVD-2026-31257 - Assigner
- freebsd
- Published
- May 21, 2026, 9:17:29 AM
- Updated
- May 22, 2026, 3:55:37 AM
- EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1)
-
8.4 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - EUVD-reported EPSS
- 0.0100
- Vendors
- FreeBSD
- Products
-
FreeBSD (14.3-RELEASE <p14)FreeBSD (15.0-RELEASE <p9)FreeBSD (14.4-RELEASE <p5)
- Aliases
-
GHSA-96wx-9xhw-cf8x
ENISA description: ptrace(PT_SC_REMOTE) failed to properly validate parameters for the syscall(2) and __syscall(2) meta-system calls. As a result, a user with the ability to debug a process may trigger arbitrary code execution in the kernel, even if the target process has no special privileges. The missing validation allows an unprivileged local user to escalate privileges, potentially gaining full control of the affected system.
EUVD references (1)
Affected products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Versions | Platforms |
|---|---|---|---|
| FreeBSD | FreeBSD |
15.0-RELEASE (affected),
14.4-RELEASE (affected),
14.3-RELEASE (affected)
|
— |
Affected products — CPE 2.3 (29) NVD
NVD's normalized CPE 2.3 matchers, used by vendor tools (vulnerability scanners, asset managers) for automated detection. Compare with the CNA's free-text "Affected products" section above.
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p12:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p13:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendor references (1)
References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.
Web references (5)
DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45253 tenable:nvd.nist.gov
- https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-26:21.ptrace.asc tenable:security.freebsd.org
- https://www.first.org/epss/ tenable:www.first.org
- https://attackerkb.com/topics/CVE-2026-45253 rapid7:attackerkb.com
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45253 rapid7:www.cve.org
NVD-tagged references (1)
Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.
- https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-26:21.ptrace.asc secteam@freebsd.org Vendor Advisory
Remediations (17)
Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.
-
web:cheatsheetseries.owasp.org
Virtual Patching Cheat Sheet Introduction The goal with this cheat Sheet is to present a concise virtual patching framework that organizations can follow to maximize the timely implementation of mitigation protections. Definition: Virtual Patching A security policy enforcement layer which prevents and reports the exploitation attempt of a known vulnerability. The virtual patch works when the ...
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:cyberpress.org
The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has added two actively exploited Microsoft Defender vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, issuing an urgent remediation directive for federal agencies with a due date of June 3, 2026 .
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:krebsonsecurity.com
Microsoft expects that exploitation is more likely. May's Patch Tuesday is a welcome respite from April, which saw Microsoft fix a near-record 167 security flaws.
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:nvd.nist.gov
Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com
The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:support.esri.com
Refer to the Issues Addressed with this Patch section for details about BUG-000171492. The new patch when shown as available in the ArcGIS Enterprise Patch Notification tool, is listed as ArcGIS Server Security 2025 Update 1 Patch with a release date of April 17, 2025; once installed, it is listed as ArcGIS Server Security 2025 Update 1 Patch B.
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:www.bleepingcomputer.com
Today is Microsoft's March 2026 Patch Tuesday with security updates for 79 flaws, including 2 publicly disclosed zero-day vulnerabilities.
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:www.bugcrowd.com
Vulnerability mitigation is typically considered a temporary or interim solution. While mitigation measures can reduce the immediate risk associated with vulnerabilities, they may not provide a permanent fix . Organizations should aim to prioritize and plan for complete vulnerability remediation whenever feasible and allocate resources accordingly.
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:www.oracle.com
This Critical Patch Update contains 481 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at April 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:zecurit.com
Get the complete breakdown of Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. We analyze the latest security updates and all critical CVEs .
2026-05-23 22:20 UTC -
web:access.redhat.com
Learn about our open source products, services, and company. You are here
2026-06-03 22:32 UTC -
web:cybersecuritynews.com
Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday lands with a heavy enterprise focus, fixing 120 vulnerabilities across Windows, Office, Azure, developer tools, and Microsoft 365 apps, including 29 remote code execution (RCE) flaws rated Critical.
2026-06-03 22:32 UTC -
web:github.com
Summary On 2026 -05-11, between approximately 19:20 and 19:26 UTC, 84 malicious versions across 42 @tanstack/* packages were published to the npm registry. The publishes were authenticated via the legitimate GitHub Actions OIDC trusted-publisher binding for TanStack/router, but the publish workflow itself was not modified. The attacker chained three known vulnerability classes — a pull ...
2026-06-03 22:32 UTC -
web:support.servicenow.com
Overview The advisories below document publicly disclosed Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures ( CVEs ) in the Now Platform by ServiceNow. Because ServiceNow uses various methods to communicate vulnerability information, patches, and other fixes, customers should review family, security patch , and hotfix release notes, which are available at https://docs.servicenow.com, for a complete list of ...
2026-06-03 22:32 UTC -
web:thewincentral.com
However, there's a catch: There is no public patch or simple fix yet Organizations experiencing the issue must: Contact Microsoft Support directly Request a custom workaround or mitigation Immediate Actions You Should Take If you manage enterprise infrastructure, don't wait: Check your systems immediately Identify non-Global Catalog domain ...
2026-06-03 22:32 UTC -
web:www.crowdstrike.com
Microsoft's April 2026 Patch Tuesday addresses 164 CVEs , featuring 8 Critical vulnerabilities, one exploited zero-day, and one disclosed zero-day.
2026-06-03 22:32 UTC -
web:www.securityweek.com
Oracle on Tuesday announced the release of 481 new security patches as part of its April 2026 Critical Patch Update (CPU). Across the 28 product families that received security updates, more than 300 patches address vulnerabilities that are remotely exploitable without authentication.
2026-06-03 22:32 UTC
AI Forensic Analysis
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Raw JSON
The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-45253.json.
{
"containers": {
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"modules": [
"ptrace"
],
"product": "FreeBSD",
"vendor": "FreeBSD",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "p9",
"status": "affected",
"version": "15.0-RELEASE",
"versionType": "release"
},
{
"lessThan": "p5",
"status": "affected",
"version": "14.4-RELEASE",
"versionType": "release"
},
{
"lessThan": "p14",
"status": "affected",
"version": "14.3-RELEASE",
"versionType": "release"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Yuxiang Yang, Yizhou Zhao, Ao Wang, Xuewei Feng, Qi Li, and Ke Xu from Tsinghua University using GLM-5.1 from Z.ai"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Ryan at Calif.io"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-05-20T23:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "ptrace(PT_SC_REMOTE) failed to properly validate parameters for the syscall(2) and __syscall(2) meta-system calls. As a result, a user with the ability to debug a process may trigger arbitrary code execution in the kernel, even if the target process has no special privileges.\n\nThe missing validation allows an unprivileged local user to escalate privileges, potentially gaining full control of the affected system."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-787",
"description": "CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-21T09:17:29.232Z",
"orgId": "63664ac6-956c-4cba-a5d0-f46076e16109",
"shortName": "freebsd"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-26:21.ptrace.asc"
}
],
"title": "Missing validation in ptrace(PT_SC_REMOTE)",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "63664ac6-956c-4cba-a5d0-f46076e16109",
"assignerShortName": "freebsd",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-45253",
"datePublished": "2026-05-21T09:17:29.232Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-05-11T16:27:44.891Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-21T09:17:29.232Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}