CVE-2023-48278
📛 CVE Title
WordPress WP Forms Puzzle Captcha Plugin <= 4.1 is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) leading to XSS
Description
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Nitin Rathod WP Forms Puzzle Captcha allows Stored XSS.This issue affects WP Forms Puzzle Captcha: from n/a through 4.1.
Overview
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Assigner (CNA)
- Patchstack
- CVSS severity
- HIGH
- CVSS score
- 7.1 / 10
- CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L- Effective score
- 7.1 / 10 HIGH source: CNA overview
- CWE(s)
-
CWE-352 - Reserved
- 2023-11-13
- Published
- 2023-11-30 17:08 UTC
- Last updated
- 2026-04-28 18:08 UTC
- Source
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2023/48xxx/CVE-2023-48278.json
- Linked Threat
- CVE-2023-48278 — WP Forms Puzzle Captcha <= 4.1 - Cross-Site Request Forgery to Cross-Site Scripting
NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0
Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.
- NVD published
- 2023-11-30 17:15:11 UTC
- NVD last modified
- 2026-06-17 06:33:54 UTC
- NVD CVSS v3.1
- 7.1 / 10 HIGH source: audit@patchstack.com
- NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L- Exploitability subscore
- 2.8 / 10
- Impact subscore
- 3.7 / 10
- EPSS score
- 0.0021 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
- EPSS percentile
- 11.02% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-07-26
NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-07-27 07:48 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.
European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD
ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.
- EUVD ID
-
EUVD-2023-52345 - Assigner
- Patchstack
- Published
- Nov 30, 2023, 4:08:50 PM
- Updated
- Apr 28, 2026, 4:08:54 PM
- EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1)
-
7.1 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L - EUVD-reported EPSS
- 0.0900
- Vendors
- Nitin Rathod
- Products
-
WP Forms Puzzle Captcha (n/a ≤4.1)
- Aliases
-
GHSA-g8h7-w86r-5398
ENISA description: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Nitin Rathod WP Forms Puzzle Captcha allows Stored XSS.This issue affects WP Forms Puzzle Captcha: from n/a through 4.1.
Affected products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Versions | Platforms |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nitin Rathod | WP Forms Puzzle Captcha |
n/a (affected)
|
— |
Affected products — CPE 2.3 (1) NVD
NVD's normalized CPE 2.3 matchers, used by vendor tools (vulnerability scanners, asset managers) for automated detection. Compare with the CNA's free-text "Affected products" section above.
cpe:2.3:a:nitinrathod:wp_forms_puzzle_captcha:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*
Vendor references (1)
References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.
MITRE references (1) cveawg.mitre.org
Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.
Web references (0)
DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.
No web references attached yet.
NVD-tagged references (2)
Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.
- https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-forms-puzzle-captcha/wordpress-wp-forms-puzzle-captcha-plugin-4-1-csrf-to-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve audit@patchstack.com Third Party Advisory
- https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-forms-puzzle-captcha/wordpress-wp-forms-puzzle-captcha-plugin-4-1-csrf-to-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 Third Party Advisory
Indicators (2)
IOCs linked to the auto-promoted Threat row.
| Type | Value | VirusTotal | Attached |
|---|---|---|---|
| domain |
xss.this
|
no local data | 2026-05-18 21:20 UTC |
| cve |
CVE-2023-48278
|
no local data | 2026-06-06 14:51 UTC |
Remediations (22)
Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.
-
web:access.redhat.com
Learn about our open source products, services, and company. You are here
2026-06-27 20:28 UTC -
web:dailysecurityreview.com
Two newly disclosed vulnerabilities in the vBulletin forum software have placed thousands of websites at serious risk of compromise. The flaws, tracked as CVE -2025-48827 and CVE -2025-48828, impact a wide range of vBulletin versions and have been rated critical— with CVSS scores of 10.0 and 9.0 respectively. One of the vulnerabilities enables remote code execution (RCE), making it a severe ...
2026-06-27 20:28 UTC -
web:nvd.nist.gov
The NVD is the U.S. government repository of standards based vulnerability management data represented using the Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP). This data enables automation of vulnerability management, security measurement, and compliance. The NVD includes databases of security checklist references, security-related software flaws, product names, and impact metrics. For ...
2026-06-27 20:28 UTC -
web:www.cisa.gov
The median time for full resolution rose to 43 days. Defenders need greater clarity and speed to patch systems in today's threat landscape. We must flip the script on patching prioritization: patch smarter, not harder.
2026-06-27 20:28 UTC -
web:www.cisco.com
This document describes a list of software versions that have incorporated fixes for Cisco IOS® XE Software Web UI Cisco bug ID CSCwh87343.
2026-06-27 20:28 UTC -
web:www.oracle.com
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - October 2023 Description A Critical Patch Update is a collection of patches for multiple security vulnerabilities. These patches address vulnerabilities in Oracle code and in third party components included in Oracle products. These patches are usually cumulative, but each advisory describes only the security patches added since the previous Critical ...
2026-06-27 20:28 UTC -
Wordfence remediation: WP Forms Puzzle CaptchaWordfence
No known patch available. Please review the vulnerability's details in depth and employ mitigations based on your organization's risk tolerance. It may be best to uninstall the affected software and find a replacement.
2026-06-06 14:51 UTC -
web:www.techrepublic.com
Microsoft's April 2026 Patch Tuesday fixes 165 vulnerabilities, including two zero-days, in one of the company's largest monthly security updates.
2026-05-22 07:35 UTC -
web:blog.rsisecurity.com
The Vulnerability Management Lifecycle Patch management is a vital component of the broader vulnerability management lifecycle, which includes: Discovery: Identify all systems and assets. Assessment: Evaluate severity and exploitability. Prioritization: Align risk levels with business impact. Remediation : Apply patches or compensating controls. Verification: Confirm successful patch deployment ...
2026-05-22 07:35 UTC -
web:www.computerworld.com
Each month, the team at Readiness analyzes the latest Patch Tuesday updates from Microsoft and provides detailed, actionable testing guidance. The company's Patch Tuesday release for February ...
2026-05-22 07:35 UTC -
web:www.bleepingcomputer.com
Today is Microsoft's March 2025 Patch Tuesday, which includes security updates for 57 flaws, including six actively exploited zero-day vulnerabilities.
2026-05-22 07:35 UTC -
web:www.securityweek.com
Microsoft has rolled out fixes for 83 vulnerabilities in its products, including a critical bug, but none of them require urgent attention.
2026-05-22 07:35 UTC -
web:www.oracle.com
This Critical Patch Update contains 481 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at April 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC -
web:cybersecuritynews.com
Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday lands with a heavy enterprise focus, fixing 120 vulnerabilities across Windows, Office, Azure, developer tools, and Microsoft 365 apps, including 29 remote code execution (RCE) flaws rated Critical.
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC -
web:github.com
A new and improved community patch for BO3. . Contribute to shiversoftdev/t7patch development by creating an account on GitHub.
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC -
web:nvd.nist.gov
An official website of the United States government Here's how you know
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC -
web:www.secure.com
Learn the difference between vulnerability remediation and mitigation , and how a risk-based strategy can strengthen your security posture.
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC -
web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com
The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC -
web:translate.google.com
Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages.
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC -
web:www.bugcrowd.com
Vulnerability mitigation is typically considered a temporary or interim solution. While mitigation measures can reduce the immediate risk associated with vulnerabilities, they may not provide a permanent fix . Organizations should aim to prioritize and plan for complete vulnerability remediation whenever feasible and allocate resources accordingly.
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC -
web:www.forbes.com
Mitigation Measures To Take If Patching Isn't Possible Assuming a patch can't be promptly applied, what can be done to mitigate risk? There are several important measures to keep in mind:
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC -
web:www.manageengine.com
Patch Details: The name of the patch and the affected products. Patch Details The following patch details are shown: Patch ID: A unique reference ID for every patch Patch Name: The name of the patch Bulletin ID: The Bulletin ID pertaining to this patch MS Knowledge Base: The knowledge base article corresponding to this patch .
2026-05-22 02:44 UTC
AI Forensic Analysis
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Raw JSON
The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2023-48278.json.
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