CVE-2025-2182
📛 CVE Title
PAN-OS: Firewall Clusters using the MACsec Protocol Expose the Connectivity Association Key (CAK)
Description
A problem with the implementation of the MACsec protocol in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® results in the cleartext exposure of the connectivity association key (CAK). This issue is only applicable to PA-7500 Series devices which are in an NGFW cluster. A user who possesses this key can read messages being sent between devices in a NGFW Cluster. There is no impact in non-clustered firewalls or clusters of firewalls that do not enable MACsec.
Overview
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Assigner (CNA)
- palo_alto
- CVSS severity
- MEDIUM
- CVSS score
- 5.6 / 10
- CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:A/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber- Effective score
- 5.6 / 10 MEDIUM source: CNA overview
- CWE(s)
-
CWE-312 - Reserved
- 2025-03-10
- Published
- 2025-08-13 19:03 UTC
- Last updated
- 2025-08-13 22:32 UTC
- Source
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2025/2xxx/CVE-2025-2182.json
NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0
Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.
- NVD published
- 2025-08-13 17:15:27 UTC
- NVD last modified
- 2026-06-17 09:06:29 UTC
- EPSS score
- 0.0012 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
- EPSS percentile
- 1.93% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-07-27
NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-07-28 10:30 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.
European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD
ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.
- EUVD ID
-
EUVD-2025-24617 - Assigner
- palo_alto
- Published
- Aug 13, 2025, 5:03:21 PM
- Updated
- Aug 13, 2025, 8:32:15 PM
- EUVD base score (CVSS 4.0)
-
5.6 / 10
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:A/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber - EUVD-reported EPSS
- 0.0200
- Vendors
- Palo Alto Networks
- Products
-
PAN-OS (11.1.0 <11.1.10)Prisma AccessPAN-OSPAN-OS (11.2.0 <11.2.8)Cloud NGFW
- Aliases
-
GHSA-75rp-wjf6-546r
ENISA description: A problem with the implementation of the MACsec protocol in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® results in the cleartext exposure of the connectivity association key (CAK). This issue is only applicable to PA-7500 Series devices which are in an NGFW cluster. A user who possesses this key can read messages being sent between devices in a NGFW Cluster. There is no impact in non-clustered firewalls or clusters of firewalls that do not enable MACsec.
EUVD references (1)
Affected products (4)
| Vendor | Product | Versions | Platforms |
|---|---|---|---|
| Palo Alto Networks | Cloud NGFW |
All (unaffected)
|
— |
| Palo Alto Networks | PAN-OS |
11.2.0 (affected),
11.1.0 (affected),
10.2.0 (unaffected),
10.1.0 (unaffected)
|
PA-7500 |
| Palo Alto Networks | PAN-OS |
All (unaffected)
|
devices other than PA-7500 |
| Palo Alto Networks | Prisma Access |
All (unaffected)
|
— |
Vendor references (1)
References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.
- https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-2182 vendor-advisory
Web references (5)
DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.
- http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/312.html rapid7:cwe.mitre.org
- https://attackerkb.com/topics/CVE-2025-2182 rapid7:attackerkb.com
- https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-24617 rapid7:euvd.enisa.europa.eu
- https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-2182 rapid7:security.paloaltonetworks.com
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-2182 rapid7:www.cve.org
NVD-tagged references (1)
Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.
- https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-2182 psirt@paloaltonetworks.com
Remediations (10)
-
web:blog.talosintelligence.com
Microsoft has released its monthly security update for August 2025 , which includes 111 vulnerabilities affecting a range of products, including 13 that Microsoft marked as "critical".
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC -
web:gbhackers.com
Microsoft has rolled out its August 2025 Patch Tuesday fixes, addressing a total of 107 vulnerabilities across its ecosystem.
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC -
web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com
The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC -
web:support.microsoft.com
For information about Windows update terminology, see types of Windows updates and the monthly quality update types. To find an overview of Windows 11, version 23H2, see its update history page. This month's video is ready for you on Windows 11, version 24H2. Be sure to follow @WindowsUpdate to find out when new content is published to the Windows release health dashboard.
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC -
web:support.microsoft.com
Hotpatch for Windows 11 Enterprise, version 25H2 gives organizations the ability to apply security updates without requiring a device restart. This helps maintain security while keeping workflows uninterrupted. Hotpatch is an extension of Windows Update and requires Autopatch to create and deploy updates to devices enrolled in the Autopatch quality update policy. Benefits include: Immediate ...
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC -
web:www.absolute.com
Microsoft Patch Tuesday August 2025 delivers 109 fixes, including critical vulnerabilities in MSMQ, NTLM, and graphics components. Stay protected.
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC -
web:www.bleepingcomputer.com
Microsoft has released out-of-band (OOB) security updates to patch a critical-severity Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) vulnerability with publicly available proof-of-concept exploit code.
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC -
web:www.cisa.gov
Updated October 29, 2025 : CISA has updated this Alert to include revised information on vulnerable product identification, potential threat activity detections, and additional resources. Microsoft released an update to address a critical remote code execution vulnerability impacting Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) in Windows Server (2012, 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025 ), CVE - 2025 -59287
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC -
web:www.crowdstrike.com
Microsoft has released security updates for 107 vulnerabilities, including one publicly disclosed zero-day and 13 critical, in its August 2025 Patch Tuesday rollout.
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC -
web:www.microsoft.com
These Knowledge Base articles accompany all security updates and advisories, and include caveats or known issues with security updates. Additionally, support engineers document common concerns from customers in these KB articles. These Knowledge Base articles are published the Security Update Guide with each release on Patch Tuesday.
2026-05-23 13:58 UTC
AI Forensic Analysis
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Raw JSON
The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2025-2182.json.
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"cveId": "CVE-2025-2182",
"datePublished": "2025-08-13T17:03:21.617Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-03-10T17:56:24.875Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-13T20:32:15.474Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}