CVE-2026-43481

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net-shapers: don't free reply skb after genlmsg_reply() genlmsg_reply() hands the reply skb to netlink, and netlink_unicast() consumes it on all return paths, whether the skb is queued successfully or freed on an error path. net_shaper_nl_get_doit() and net_shaper_nl_cap_get_doit() currently jump to free_msg after genlmsg_reply() fails and call nlmsg_free(msg), which can hit the same skb twice. Return the genlmsg_reply() error directly and keep free_msg only for pre-reply failures.

Overview

State: PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA): Linux
CVSS severity: high
CVSS score: 7.8 / 10
CVSS vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Effective score: 7.8 / 10 HIGH source: CNA overview
CWE(s): —
Reserved: 2026-05-01
Published: 2026-05-13 17:08 UTC
Last updated: 2026-05-13 17:08 UTC
Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/43xxx/CVE-2026-43481.json
Linked Threat: CVE-2026-43481 — CVE-2026-43481

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published: 2026-05-13 16:16:51 UTC
NVD last modified: 2026-05-20 17:16:23 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1: 7.8 / 10 HIGH source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
NVD CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Exploitability subscore: 1.8 / 10
Impact subscore: 5.9 / 10
EPSS score: 0.0001 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
EPSS percentile: 2.29% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-24

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID: EUVD-2026-30017
Assigner: Linux
Published: May 13, 2026, 3:08:29 PM
Updated: May 20, 2026, 4:08:09 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1): 7.8 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EUVD-reported EPSS: 0.0100
Vendors: Linux
Products: Linux (6.13)

Linux (4b623f9f0f59652ea71fcb27d60b4c3b65126dbb <83f7b54242d0abbfce35a55c01322f50962ed3ee)

Linux (4b623f9f0f59652ea71fcb27d60b4c3b65126dbb <8738dcc844fff7d0157ee775230e95df3b1884d7)

Linux (patch: 7.0)

Linux (4b623f9f0f59652ea71fcb27d60b4c3b65126dbb <57885276cc16a2e2b76282c808a4e84cbecb3aae)

Linux (patch: 6.19.9)

Linux (patch: 6.18.19)

Linux (patch: 0)

ENISA description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net-shapers: don't free reply skb after genlmsg_reply() genlmsg_reply() hands the reply skb to netlink, and netlink_unicast() consumes it on all return paths, whether the skb is queued successfully or freed on an error path. net_shaper_nl_get_doit() and net_shaper_nl_cap_get_doit() currently jump to free_msg after genlmsg_reply() fails and call nlmsg_free(msg), which can hit the same skb twice. Return the genlmsg_reply() error directly and keep free_msg only for pre-reply failures.

EUVD references (3)

Affected products (2)

Vendor	Product	Versions	Platforms
Linux	Linux	`4b623f9f0f59652ea71fcb27d60b4c3b65126dbb` (affected), `4b623f9f0f59652ea71fcb27d60b4c3b65126dbb` (affected), `4b623f9f0f59652ea71fcb27d60b4c3b65126dbb` (affected)	—
Linux	Linux	`6.13` (affected), `0` (unaffected), `6.18.19` (unaffected), `6.19.9` (unaffected), `7.0` (unaffected)	—

Vendor references (3)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

MITRE references (3) cveawg.mitre.org

Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.

Web references (3)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-43481 tenable:nvd.nist.gov
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-43481 tenable:www.cve.org
https://www.first.org/epss/ tenable:www.first.org

NVD-tagged references (3)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/57885276cc16a2e2b76282c808a4e84cbecb3aae 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/83f7b54242d0abbfce35a55c01322f50962ed3ee 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8738dcc844fff7d0157ee775230e95df3b1884d7 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67

Remediations (15)

Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

CISA Warns of Exploited Microsoft Defender 0-Day Flaws

web:cyberpress.org

The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has added two actively exploited Microsoft Defender vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, issuing an urgent remediation directive for federal agencies with a due date of June 3, 2026 .

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tuesday March 2026 - 78 Vulnerabilities Fixed ...

web:cybersecuritynews.com

Microsoft released its March 2026 Patch Tuesday security update on March 10, 2026 , addressing 78 vulnerabilities across Windows, Microsoft Office, Azure, SQL Server, and .NET. The update includes one actively exploited zero-day vulnerability and multiple Critical-rated flaws demanding immediate attention from security teams. The most urgent fix this month is CVE - 2026 -21262, the sole zero-day ...

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
Nvd - Cve-2026-7481

web:nvd.nist.gov

An official website of the United States government Here's how you know

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
Security Update Guide - Microsoft

web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com

The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
Microsoft March 2026 Patch Tuesday fixes 2 zero-days, 79 flaws

web:www.bleepingcomputer.com

Today is Microsoft's March 2026 Patch Tuesday with security updates for 79 flaws, including 2 publicly disclosed zero-day vulnerabilities.

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
Critical Patches Issued for Microsoft Products, April 14, 2026

web:www.cisecurity.org

<p>Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Microsoft products, the most severe of which could allow for remote code execution. Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could result in an attacker gaining the same privileges as the logged-on user. Depending on the privileges associated with the user, an attacker could then install programs; view, change, or ...

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
April 2026 Patch Tuesday: Updates and Analysis | CrowdStrike

web:www.crowdstrike.com

Microsoft's April 2026 Patch Tuesday addresses 164 CVEs , featuring 8 Critical vulnerabilities, one exploited zero-day, and one disclosed zero-day.

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
2 New Microsoft Defender Zero-Days Exploited—Patch Now ... - Forbes

web:www.forbes.com

Microsoft has confirmed an emergency security update as CISA warns that two new Defender zero-days are being exploited by attackers.

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
Vulnerability Directory | CVE-2026-34481 | Apache Log4j

web:www.herodevs.com

Apache Log4j 2 (2.14.0-2.25.3) vulnerability ( CVE - 2026 -34481) allows malformed JSON output from JsonTemplateLayout, causing downstream log parsing failures and potential denial of service; fixed in 2.25.4.

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - April 2026

web:www.oracle.com

This Critical Patch Update contains 481 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at April 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.

2026-05-23 20:55 UTC
Microsoft Issues Second Biggest Patch Tuesday Ever in April

web:redmondmag.com

Microsoft this week released one of the largest Patch Tuesday bundles in its history, delivering fixes for 163 new Microsoft CVEs in a month that includes three zero-days and eight Critical-rated ...

2026-05-26 02:53 UTC
138 CVEs Fixed: Netlogon RCE Leads Microsoft's Patch Pack - DNS Bug ...

web:vulert.com

Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday fixes 138 vulnerabilities, including critical Windows DNS and Netlogon RCE flaws. Learn the risks, key CVEs , mitigation steps, and how Vulert can help.

2026-05-26 02:53 UTC
CISA orders feds to patch BlueHammer flaw exploited as zero-day

web:www.bleepingcomputer.com

CISA has ordered U.S. federal agencies to patch a Microsoft Defender privilege escalation flaw (dubbed BlueHammer) that has been exploited in zero-day attacks.

2026-05-26 02:53 UTC
Microsoft Confirms Active 0-Day Exploit—Check Emergency Mitigation

web:www.forbes.com

Updated May 17: This article, originally published May 16, has been updated to include further details on the emergency mitigation process recommended after the CVE - 2026 -42897 Microsoft Exchange ...

2026-05-26 02:53 UTC
Microsoft confirms two major Defender security issues - TechRadar

web:www.techradar.com

Microsoft patches two actively exploited zero‑day flaws in Defender, tracked as CVE‑2026‑41091 (privilege escalation) and CVE‑2026‑45498 (denial of service) Updates were shipped ...

2026-05-26 02:53 UTC

AI Forensic Analysis

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Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-43481.json.

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/shaper/shaper.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "8738dcc844fff7d0157ee775230e95df3b1884d7",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4b623f9f0f59652ea71fcb27d60b4c3b65126dbb",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "83f7b54242d0abbfce35a55c01322f50962ed3ee",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4b623f9f0f59652ea71fcb27d60b4c3b65126dbb",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "57885276cc16a2e2b76282c808a4e84cbecb3aae",
              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/shaper/shaper.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.13"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.13",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.19",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19.9",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
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            {
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                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.9",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet-shapers: don't free reply skb after genlmsg_reply()\n\ngenlmsg_reply() hands the reply skb to netlink, and\nnetlink_unicast() consumes it on all return paths, whether the\nskb is queued successfully or freed on an error path.\n\nnet_shaper_nl_get_doit() and net_shaper_nl_cap_get_doit()\ncurrently jump to free_msg after genlmsg_reply() fails and call\nnlmsg_free(msg), which can hit the same skb twice.\n\nReturn the genlmsg_reply() error directly and keep free_msg\nonly for pre-reply failures."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-13T15:08:29.116Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/83f7b54242d0abbfce35a55c01322f50962ed3ee"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/57885276cc16a2e2b76282c808a4e84cbecb3aae"
        }
      ],
      "title": "net-shapers: don't free reply skb after genlmsg_reply()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
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  },
  "cveMetadata": {
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    "cveId": "CVE-2026-43481",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-13T15:08:29.116Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-01T14:12:56.012Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-13T15:08:29.116Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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